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{{also|Praca|práca|prača|práča|prąca|pracą|praça|Praça|praća}}
{{also|Praca|práca|prača|práča|prąca|pracą|praça|Praça|praća}}
==Old Polish==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|pl|zlw-ocs|prácě}},<ref>{{R:pl:Boryś}}</ref> from {{der|pl|sla-pro|*porťa}}. {{etydate|14th century}}

===Noun===
{{zlw-opl-noun|f}}

# [[manual labor]], [[work]]
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:R XXII|page=244|year=15th century|3=Niczss na tem swyeczye nye moze przicz przes myrzyaczky a przes '''pracze'''|tr=Nics na tem świecie nie może przyć przez mirziączki a przez '''prace'''|4=-}}
# [[action]], act of [[do]]ing
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:MPKJ V|page=5|year=1471|3=Energia, id est interior operacio siue labor... wnątrzna '''praczia''' (Prol)|tr=Energia, id est interior operacio siue labor... wnętrzna '''praca''' (Prol)|4=-}}
# [[care]] {{gl|close attention; concern; responsibility}}
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:Bogur|page=E|3=O duschy o grzeszney sam bog '''pracza''' yma|tr=O duszy o grzesznej sam Bog '''pracą''' ima|4=-}}
# [[power]], [[authority]]; [[control]]
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:Dział|page=10|3=Tedi tho gymyenye tych dvchownych na naszą '''pracza''' przypysvgemy (praedicta... bona... decrevimus nostro regno... applicanda, Sul 23: skazalyszmi naszemv krolyewstv... przylączicz)|tr=Tedy to jimienie tych duchownych na naszę '''pracą''' przypisujemy (praedicta... bona... decrevimus nostro regno... applicanda, Sul 23: skazaliśmy naszemu krolestwu... przyłączyć)
|4=-}}
# [[nuisance]], [[pain]]
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:BZ|section=Neh 9|page=32|3=Nye odwraczay swego oblycza we wszey '''praci''' (omnem laborem), gesz nas poscygla|tr=Nie odwracaj swego oblicza we wszej '''pracy''' (omnem laborem), jeż nas pościgła|4=-}}

====Declension====
{{zlw-opl-decl-noun
|praca|-|-
|-|-|-
|-|-|-
|pracą|-|prace
|-|-|-
|pracy|-|-
|-|-|-
}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|zlw-opl|title=adjectives|pracliwy|pracowity|procowny|pracujący}}
{{col-auto|zlw-opl|title=noun|pracowanie}}
{{col-auto|zlw-opl|title=verb|pracować<g:impf>}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|pl|praca}}

===References===
{{reflist}}
:* {{R:zlw-opl:SPJSP}}

==Polish==
==Polish==
{{wp|lang=pl}}
{{wp|lang=pl}}


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
{{bor+|pl|zlw-ocs|prácě}}, from {{der|pl|sla-pro|*porťa}}.
{{dercat|pl|zlw-ocs|sla-pro}}
{{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|praca}}. {{etydate|14th century|ref={{R:zlw-opl:SPJSP}}}}


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
Line 12: Line 56:
{{pl-noun|f}}
{{pl-noun|f}}


# [[work]] {{gl|labour, employment, occupation, job}}
# [[work]] {{gl|sustained effort to overcome obstacles and achieve a result}}
# [[job]] {{gl|economic role for which a person is paid}}
# [[work]]; [[job]] {{gl|place where one performs such activities}}
# [[work]] {{gl|product; the result of effort, particularly a literary, artistic, or intellectual production}}
# {{lb|pl|medicine}} [[action]]; [[organ]] [[function]]
# {{lb|pl|physics}} [[work]] {{gl|measure of energy expended in moving an object}}


====Declension====
====Declension====
Line 27: Line 76:
* {{desc|ru|пра́ца|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ru|пра́ца|bor=1}}
* {{desc|uk|пра́ця|bor=1}}
* {{desc|uk|пра́ця|bor=1}}

===Trivia===
{{pl-freq 1990|161|260|426|71|64|821|53|429|1}}

===References===
{{reflist}}


===Further reading===
===Further reading===
* {{R:pl:WSJP}}
* {{R:pl:WSJP}}
* {{R:pl:PWN}}
* {{R:pl:PWN}}
* {{R:pl:SXVII|PRACA|5681|date=12.10.2016}}
* {{R:pl:SJP1807}}
* {{R:pl:SJP1861}}
* {{R:pl:SJP1900||965|4}}
* {{R:pl:NFJP}}

Revision as of 09:35, 27 April 2023

See also: Praca, práca, prača, práča, prąca, pracą, praça, Praça, and praća

Old Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Czech prácě,[1] from Proto-Slavic *porťa. First attested in the 14th century

Nomen

praca f

  1. manual labor, work
  2. action, act of doing
  3. care (close attention; concern; responsibility)
    • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 797: Parameter "page" is not used by this template.
  4. power, authority; control
    • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 797: Parameter "tr" is not used by this template.
  5. nuisance, pain
    • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 797: Parameter "tr" is not used by this template.

Declension

Declension of praca
singular dual plural
nominative praca — —
genitive — — —
dative — — —
accusative pracą — prace
instrumental — — —
locative pracy — —
vocative — — —

Derived terms

adjectives
noun
verb

Descendants

  • Polish: praca

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “praca”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “praca”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish praca. First attested in the 14th century[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpra.t͡sa/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -at͡sa
  • Syllabification: pra‧ca

Nomen

praca f

  1. work (sustained effort to overcome obstacles and achieve a result)
  2. job (economic role for which a person is paid)
  3. work; job (place where one performs such activities)
  4. work (product; the result of effort, particularly a literary, artistic, or intellectual production)
  5. (medicine) action; organ function
  6. (physics) work (measure of energy expended in moving an object)

Declension

Declension of praca
singular plural
nominative praca prace
genitive pracy prac
dative pracy pracom
accusative pracę prace
instrumental pracą pracami
locative pracy pracach
vocative praco prace

Derived terms

Descendants

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), praca is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 161 times in scientific texts, 260 times in news, 426 times in essays, 71 times in fiction, and 64 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 821 times, making it the 53rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

References

  1. ^ B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “praca”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
  2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “praca”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 429

Further reading

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