lier
See also: Lier
Englisch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English lier, equivalent to lie + -er. Compare ligger, lidger, ledger.
Nomen
[edit]lier (plural liers)
- A person or thing that lies, in the sense of being horizontal.
- A lie-abed; one who stays in bed late.
Etymology 2
[edit]See the main lemma.
Nomen
[edit]lier (plural liers)
Anagrams
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch liere, from Latin lyra, from Ancient Greek λύρα (lúra).
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]lier f (plural lieren, diminutive liertje n)
Derived terms
[edit]French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old French lier, from Latin ligāre, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (“to bind”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]lier
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of lier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | lier | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | liant /ljɑ̃/ or /li.ɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | lié /lje/ or /li.e/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | lie /li/ |
lies /li/ |
lie /li/ |
lions /ljɔ̃/ or /li.ɔ̃/ |
liez /lje/ or /li.e/ |
lient /li/ |
imperfect | liais /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ |
liais /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ |
liait /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ |
liions /li.jɔ̃/ |
liiez /li.je/ |
liaient /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ | |
past historic2 | liai /lje/ or /li.e/ |
lias /lja/ or /li.a/ |
lia /lja/ or /li.a/ |
liâmes /ljam/ or /li.am/ |
liâtes /ljat/ or /li.at/ |
lièrent /ljɛʁ/ or /li.ɛʁ/ | |
future | lierai /li.ʁe/ or /li.ə.ʁe/ |
lieras /li.ʁa/ or /li.ə.ʁa/ |
liera /li.ʁa/ or /li.ə.ʁa/ |
lierons /li.ʁɔ̃/ or /li.ə.ʁɔ̃/ |
lierez /li.ʁe/ or /li.ə.ʁe/ |
lieront /li.ʁɔ̃/ or /li.ə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | lierais /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ |
lierais /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ |
lierait /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ |
lierions /li.ʁjɔ̃/ or /li.ə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
lieriez /li.ʁje/ or /li.ə.ʁje/ |
lieraient /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | lie /li/ |
lies /li/ |
lie /li/ |
liions /li.jɔ̃/ |
liiez /li.je/ |
lient /li/ |
imperfect2 | liasse /ljas/ or /li.as/ |
liasses /ljas/ or /li.as/ |
liât /lja/ or /li.a/ |
liassions /lja.sjɔ̃/ or /li.a.sjɔ̃/ |
liassiez /lja.sje/ or /li.a.sje/ |
liassent /ljas/ or /li.as/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | - | - | ||||
simple | — | lie /li/ |
— | lions /ljɔ̃/ or /li.ɔ̃/ |
liez /lje/ or /li.e/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → German: liieren
Further reading
[edit]- “lier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Verb
[edit]līer
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Nomen
[edit]lier f
- indefinite plural of li
Anagrams
[edit]Old French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin ligāre, present active infinitive of ligō.
Verb
[edit]lier
Conjugation
[edit]This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of lier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | lier | avoir lïé | |||||
gerund | en liant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | liant | ||||||
past participle | lïé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | li | lïes | lïe | lions | lïez | lïent |
imperfect | lioie, lïeie, lioe, lïeve | lioies, lïeies, lioes, lïeves | lioit, lïeit, liot, lïeve | liiiens, liiens | liiiez, liiez | lioient, lïeient, lioent, lïevent | |
preterite | liai | lias | lia | liames | liastes | lïerent | |
future | lïerai | lïeras | lïera | lïerons | lïeroiz, lïereiz, lïerez | lïeront | |
conditional | lïeroie, lïereie | lïeroies, lïereies | lïeroit, lïereit | lïeriiens, lïeriens | lïeriiez, lïeriez | lïeroient, lïereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | li | lis | lit | lions | lïez | lïent |
imperfect | liasse | liasses | liast | liissons, liissiens | liissoiz, liissez, liissiez | liassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | tu | - | nos | vos | - | |
— | lïe | — | lions | lïez | — |
Descendants
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