伊
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Translingual
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Han character
伊 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人尸大 (OSK), four-corner 27257, composition ⿰亻尹)
Derived characters
Descendants
Further reading
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 95, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 432
- Dae Jaweon: page 202, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 126, character 9
- Unihan data for U+4F0A
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 伊 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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 j18844  j18845  j18846  j18847  j18848  j18849  j18850  j18851  j18852  j18853  j18854  j18855 j18856  j18857  j18858  j18859  j18860  j18861  j18862  j18863  j18864  j18865  j18866  j18867  j18868  j18869  j18870  j18871  j18872  j18873 s05675 Transcribed ancient scripts L30330  L30331  L30332  L30333  L01990  L01991  L01992  L01993  L01994  L01995  L01996  L01997 | |||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qlil) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 尹 (OC *ɢʷlinʔ).
Etymology 1
| simp. and trad. |
伊 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(h)i ~ *(h)aj (“this; here”). Cognate with Burmese ဤ (i, “this”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ji1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî
- Eastern Min (BUC): ĭ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1i
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yi
- Wade–Giles: i1
- Yale: yī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: i
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji1
- Yale: yī
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji1
- Guangdong Romanization: yi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: i´
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /i²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)i´
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Jinjiang, Philippines, Penang, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
- Tâi-lô: ī
- Phofsit Daibuun: i
- IPA (Kinmen): /i²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: i1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: i
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³³/
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: 'jij
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔij/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qlil/
Definitions
伊
- (literary) this; that
- 所謂伊人，在水一方 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- suǒwèi yī rén, zài shuǐ yī fāng [Pinyin]
- That man of whom I think, is somewhere about the water.
所谓伊人，在水一方 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, formal or Coastal Min) he, him; she, her; it [from 5th c.]
- 伊名什乇？ [Eastern Min, trad. and simp.]
- Ĭ miàng sié-nó̤h? / [i⁵⁵ miaŋ⁵³ sie²¹³⁻⁵³ nˡɔʔ²⁴] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
- What's his/her name?
- […]，伊於混亂中摸到地上之啞鈴，即持啞鈴砸被害人頭部後，捆綁被害人，待強盜完畢後，抽煙思索如何處理被害人，約三十分鐘，因認被害人有看見伊，始決定不留活口（決定殺死被害人），[…] [Taiwanese Mandarin, trad.]
- From: 2004 August 19, 最高法院93年度台上字第4326號刑事判決
- […], yī yú hùnluàn zhōng mō dào dìshàng zhī yǎlíng, jí chí yǎlíng zá bèihàirén tóubù hòu, kǔnbǎng bèihàirén, dài qiángdào wánbì hòu, chōuyān sīsuǒ rúhé chùlǐ bèihàirén, yuē sānshí fēnzhōng, yīn rèn bèihàirén yǒu kànjiàn yī, shǐ juédìng bù liú huókǒu (juédìng shāsǐ bèihàirén), […] [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
[…]，伊于混乱中摸到地上之哑铃，即持哑铃砸被害人头部后，捆绑被害人，待强盗完毕后，抽烟思索如何处理被害人，约三十分钟，因认被害人有看见伊，始决定不留活口（决定杀死被害人），[…] [Taiwanese Mandarin, simp.]
- (literary) you (singular)
- (～水, ～河) Yi River (a tributary of the Luo River in Henan, China)
- a surname
- Short for 伊拉克 (Yīlākè, “Iraq”).
- Short for 伊朗 (Yīlǎng, “Iran”).
Usage notes
From 1870–1930, it was proposed that this character be used as an exclusively female third-person pronoun (cf. 她 (tā, “she”)). This usage is now obsolete.
- 男人意思是(he)他，乃是屬陽類的；女人意思是(she)伊，乃屬陰類的。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1878, 郭贊生 [Kwok Chan Sang], trans., 《文法初階》 [Chinese & English Grammar for Beginners: Being an Introduction to Allen and Cornwell's English School Grammar], page 64
- Nánrén yìsī shì (he) tā, nǎishì shǔ yáng lèi de; nǚrén yìsī shì (she) yī, nǎi shǔ yīn lèi de. [Pinyin]
- Man means he, and is of the masculine gender; woman means she, and is of the feminine gender.
男人意思是(he)他，乃是属阳类的；女人意思是(she)伊，乃属阴类的。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
Etymology 2
| simp. and trad. |
伊 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 佢 渠 夷 Wu | |
From 渠 (MC gjo, “he; she; it”).
In Southern Sixian Hakka: /ki/ → /i/.
In Wu (You, 1995): /ɡ-/ → /dʑ-/ → /ɦ-/ ( → /ʔ-/).
Pronunciation
- Hakka
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi2
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Wu
Definitions
伊
Synonyms
Compounds
- 下車伊始／下车伊始
- 伊于胡底
- 伊人 (yīrén)
- 伊儂／伊侬 (i-lâng)
- 伊優／伊优
- 伊兒汗國／伊儿汗国 (Yī'ér Hánguó)
- 伊凡第三
- 伊凡第四
- 伊凡諾夫／伊凡诺夫
- 伊利亞德／伊利亚德
- 伊利湖 (Yīlìhú)
- 伊利甘 (Yīlìgān)
- 伊利諾州／伊利诺州
- 伊呂／伊吕
- 伊吾 (Yīwú)
- 伊周 (yīzhōu)
- 伊哩烏蘆／伊哩乌芦
- 伊士曼
- 伊多語／伊多语 (Yīduōyǔ)
- 伊始 (yīshǐ)
- 伊威
- 伊寧／伊宁 (Yīníng)
- 伊寧縣／伊宁县
- 伊川 (Yīchuān)
- 伊底帕斯
- 伊府麵／伊府面 (yīfǔmiàn)
- 伊拉克 (Yīlākè)
- 伊斯坦堡 (Yīsītǎnbǎo)
- 伊斯巴罕
- 伊斯特島／伊斯特岛
- 伊斯蘭教／伊斯兰教 (Yīsīlánjiào)
- 伊昔
- 伊朗 (Yīlǎng)
- 伊朗高原 (Yīlǎng Gāoyuán)
- 伊比鳩魯／伊比鸠鲁 (Yībǐjiūlǔ)
- 伊水
- 伊洛
- 伊無踏我的跤，我無咬伊的頭／伊无踏我的跤，我无咬伊的头
- 伊犁 (Yīlí)
- 伊犁條約／伊犁条约
- 伊犁河 (Yīlí Hé)
- 伊犁縱谷／伊犁纵谷
- 伊犁馬／伊犁马
- 伊瑪目／伊玛目 (yīmǎmù)
- 伊甸園／伊甸园 (Yīdiànyuán)
- 伊留申
- 伊秉綬／伊秉绶
- 伊科戰爭／伊科战争
- 伊紅／伊红 (yīhóng)
- 伊索 (Yīsuǒ)
- 伊索寓言
- 伊羅斯／伊罗斯
- 伊耆氏
- 伊蒲饌／伊蒲馔
- 伊藤博文
- 伊蘭／伊兰
- 伊蚊 (yīwén)
- 伊豆半島／伊豆半岛 (Yīdòu Bàndǎo)
- 伊邑
- 伊里其 (Yīlǐqí)
- 伊里布
- 伊闕佛龕／伊阙佛龛
- 伊闕山／伊阙山
- 伊鬱／伊郁
- 佛洛伊德 (Fóluòyīdé)
- 兩伊戰爭／两伊战争 (Liǎngyī Zhànzhēng)
- 別伊克／别伊克 (Biéyīkè)
- 匪朝伊夕
- 吾伊
- 巴哈伊 (bāhāyī)
- 木乃伊
- 洛伊盆地
- 特洛伊城
- 秋水伊人
- 自詒伊戚／自诒伊戚
- 自貽伊戚／自贻伊戚
- 薩伊／萨伊 (Sàyī)
- 蘇伊士／苏伊士 (Sūyīshì)
- 鬱伊／郁伊
References
- “伊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
伊
Readings
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 伊 |
| い Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 伊 (MC 'jij).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Affix
References
Korean
Hanja
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
Vietnamese
Han character
伊: Hán Việt readings: y
伊: Nôm readings: y, ì
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References
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