欽

See also: 钦

欽 U+6B3D, 欽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B3D ← 欼 [U+6B3C] CJK Unified Ideographs 款 → [U+6B3E]

Translingual

Han character

欽 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 金弓人 (CNO), four-corner 8718₂, composition ⿰釒欠)

Derived characters

• 𠪢, 𨼌, 嶔, 撳, 廞, 𠾬, 𡼲, 𢡮, 𢵡, 𣾠, 䃢, 𤺰, 𨅠

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 568, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16104
• Dae Jaweon: page 957, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2143, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6B3D

Chinese

trad.		欽
simp.		钦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (金) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
淦	*kɯːm, *kɯːms
顉	*ŋɯːmʔ, *ŋ̊ʰrɯm, *ŋ̊ʰɯmʔ
金	*krɯm
錦	*krɯmʔ
欽	*kʰrɯm
菳	*kʰrɯm
嶔	*kʰrɯm
撳	*kʰrɯms
捦	*ɡrɯm
鵭	*ɡrɯm
唫	*ɡrɯmʔ, *ŋɡrɯm
鈙	*ɡrɯms
崟	*ŋɡrɯm
趛	*ŋɡrɯmʔ

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is the Cantonese reading irregular?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qīn (qin¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jam¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khîm

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kim¹

• Northern Min (KCR): kéng
• Eastern Min (BUC): kĭng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khim

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kim¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cin
    • Wade–Giles: chʻin¹
    • Yale: chīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chin
    • Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jam¹
    • Yale: yām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐm⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khîm
    • Hakka Romanization System: kim´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kim¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰim²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kim¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰim⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kéng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰeiŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khim
    • Tâi-lô: khim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qym
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰim³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰim⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kim¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khim
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰim³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Standort	edit 欽
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰin²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰiẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕʰiə̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰiẽ²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕʰĩn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰĩ³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰin³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰin²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕʰin³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕʰaŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕʰin³³/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕʰin³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰin⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰim⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kʰim²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɐm⁵³/
	Nanning	/hɐm⁵⁵/
	Hongkong	/jɐm⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kʰim⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kʰiŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kʰeiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/im⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/xim²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: khim

Rime
Character	欽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Öffnen Sie
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去金切
Baxter	khim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰjim/
Li Rong	/kʰjəm/
Wang Li	/kʰĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰrɯm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	欽
Reading #	1/1
No.	6681
Phonetic component	金
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	欽
Old Chinese	/*kʰrɯm/

Definitions

欽

1. to respect; to admire; to venerate
2. respectful
3. by the emperor personally
4. (obsolete) bent; twisted
5. a surname

Compounds

• 凍欽欽／冻钦钦
• 可欽／可钦
• 宋欽宗／宋钦宗
• 所欽／所钦
• 欽仰／钦仰 (qīnyǎng)
• 欽佇／钦伫
• 欽佩／钦佩 (qīnpèi)
• 欽佩莫名／钦佩莫名
• 欽命／钦命 (qīnmìng)
• 欽天監／钦天监
• 欽定／钦定 (qīndìng)
• 欽察汗國／钦察汗国 (Qīnchá Hánguó)
• 欽崇／钦崇 (qīnchóng)
• 欽州／钦州 (Qīnzhōu)
• 欽工／钦工
• 欽差／钦差 (qīnchāi)
• 欽差大臣／钦差大臣 (qīnchāidàchén)
• 欽恤／钦恤
• 欽慕／钦慕 (qīnmù)
• 欽承／钦承
• 欽挹／钦挹
• 欽敬／钦敬 (qīnjìng)
• 欽服／钦服
• 欽案／钦案
• 欽欽／钦钦
• 欽此／钦此 (qīncǐ)
• 欽此欽遵／钦此钦遵
• 欽犯／钦犯 (qīnfàn)
• 欽羨／钦羡 (qīnxiàn)
• 欽賜／钦赐
• 欽賢好士／钦贤好士
• 欽遲／钦迟
• 欽點／钦点 (qīndiǎn)
• 神欽鬼伏／神钦鬼伏
• 立欽欽／立钦钦
• 筒欽／筒钦
• 阿克賽欽／阿克赛钦 (Ākèsàiqīn)

 

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)
• “Entry #6523”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.

Japanese

Kanji

欽

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon)^{←こん (kon, historical)←こむ (komu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: きん (kin)^{←きん (kin, historical)←きむ (kimu, ancient)}
• Kun: つつしむ (tsutsushimu, 欽む)

Korean

Hanja

欽 • (heum) (hangeul 흠, revised heum, McCune–Reischauer hŭm, Yale hum)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

欽: Hán Nôm readings: khâm, khom

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.