gel
English
Etymology 1
Coined by Thomas Graham in the mid 19th century as a clipping of gelatin, from French gélatine, from Italian gelatina, diminutive form of gelata (“iced”), from Latin gelata, past participle of gelo (“to freeze”), from gelu (“frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). For the meaning development compare with Russian сту́день (stúdenʹ, “aspic, jelly, gel”).
Pronunciation
Noun
gel (countable and uncountable, plural gels)
- A semi-solid to almost solid colloid of a solid and a liquid, such as jelly, cheese or opal.
- 2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 200:
- Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.
- Any gel intended for a particular cosmetic use, such as for styling the hair.
- A film of flexible transparent plastic (such as acetate, celluloid, or cellophane) suitable for making superimpositions or diapositives (image to overlay on other images, especially for overhead projectors); a digital virtual equivalent of this.
Derived terms
Translations
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See also
For more information on classification of colloids, see Wikipedia article on colloids
Verb
gel (third-person singular simple present gels, present participle gelling, simple past and past participle gelled)
- (transitive) To apply (cosmetic) gel to (the hair, etc).
- 2017 June 3, Daniel Taylor, “Real Madrid win Champions League as Cristiano Ronaldo double defeats Juv”, in The Guardian (London)[1]:
- It ended, as it so often does, with that familiar smile. Cristiano Ronaldo – gelled hair, dazzling teeth, magic in his boots – will never forget the night he scored the 600th goal of an almost implausible career.
- (intransitive) To become a gel.
- (intransitive) To develop a rapport.
- He was a nice guy, and I got on OK with his friends, but the two of us never really gelled.
- (intransitive, figurative) To come together to form something; to cohere.
- We put our ideas together and they eventually gelled into a saleable product.
Translations
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See also
Etymology 2
Imitative of upper-class British pronunciation of girl.
Pronunciation
- enPR: gĕl, IPA(key): /ɡɛl/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
gel (plural gels)
- (British, slang) A girl.
- 1955, C[live] S[taples] Lewis, The Magician’s Nephew, London: The Bodley Head, →OCLC:
- "Now pray don't be troublesome, my dear gel," said Uncle Andrew.
Anagrams
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Old Catalan gel, from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).
Pronunciation
Noun
gel m (plural gels)
Related terms
Further reading
- “gel” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “gel”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “gel” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “gel” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Chinese
Etymology
Pronunciation
Verb
gel
- (Cantonese) to gel
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, neologism) to predict with confidence
Derived terms
See also
Cimbrian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle High German gël, from Old High German gelo, from Proto-West Germanic *gelu, from Proto-Germanic *gelwaz (“yellow”). Cognate with German gelb, English yellow.
Adjective
gel
References
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Dutch
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
gel m or n (plural gels)
Anagrams
Dutch Low Saxon
Pronunciation
Adjective
gel
French
Etymology
Inherited from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). For the sense of "gel", compare English gel; compare gélatine.
Pronunciation
Noun
gel m (plural gels)
- frost
- Synonym: givre
- gel (suspension of solid in liquid)
- gel (cosmetic preparation)
- (colloquialism, Canada) fall freeze
Antonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
See also
Further reading
- “gel”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Adjective
gel (strong nominative masculine singular geler, comparative geler, superlative am gelsten)
Declension
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist gel | sie ist gel | es ist gel | sie sind gel | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | geler | gele | geles | gele |
genitive | gelen | geler | gelen | geler | |
dative | gelem | geler | gelem | gelen | |
accusative | gelen | gele | geles | gele | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der gele | die gele | das gele | die gelen |
genitive | des gelen | der gelen | des gelen | der gelen | |
dative | dem gelen | der gelen | dem gelen | den gelen | |
accusative | den gelen | die gele | das gele | die gelen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein geler | eine gele | ein geles | (keine) gelen |
genitive | eines gelen | einer gelen | eines gelen | (keiner) gelen | |
dative | einem gelen | einer gelen | einem gelen | (keinen) gelen | |
accusative | einen gelen | eine gele | ein geles | (keine) gelen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist geler | sie ist geler | es ist geler | sie sind geler | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | gelerer | gelere | geleres | gelere |
genitive | geleren | gelerer | geleren | gelerer | |
dative | gelerem | gelerer | gelerem | geleren | |
accusative | geleren | gelere | geleres | gelere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der gelere | die gelere | das gelere | die geleren |
genitive | des geleren | der geleren | des geleren | der geleren | |
dative | dem geleren | der geleren | dem geleren | den geleren | |
accusative | den geleren | die gelere | das gelere | die geleren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein gelerer | eine gelere | ein geleres | (keine) geleren |
genitive | eines geleren | einer geleren | eines geleren | (keiner) geleren | |
dative | einem geleren | einer geleren | einem geleren | (keinen) geleren | |
accusative | einen geleren | eine gelere | ein geleres | (keine) geleren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am gelsten | sie ist am gelsten | es ist am gelsten | sie sind am gelsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | gelster | gelste | gelstes | gelste |
genitive | gelsten | gelster | gelsten | gelster | |
dative | gelstem | gelster | gelstem | gelsten | |
accusative | gelsten | gelste | gelstes | gelste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der gelste | die gelste | das gelste | die gelsten |
genitive | des gelsten | der gelsten | des gelsten | der gelsten | |
dative | dem gelsten | der gelsten | dem gelsten | den gelsten | |
accusative | den gelsten | die gelste | das gelste | die gelsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein gelster | eine gelste | ein gelstes | (keine) gelsten |
genitive | eines gelsten | einer gelsten | eines gelsten | (keiner) gelsten | |
dative | einem gelsten | einer gelsten | einem gelsten | (keinen) gelsten | |
accusative | einen gelsten | eine gelste | ein gelstes | (keine) gelsten |
German Low German
Pronunciation
Adjective
gel
- Alternative spelling of geel
Icelandic
Pronunciation
Noun
gel n (genitive singular gels, no plural)
Declension
Nalca
Noun
gel
Old French
Alternative forms
Contraction
gel
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *gelos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₂- (“to shine”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
gel
Declension
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | gel | gel | gel |
Vocative | gil* gel** | ||
Accusative | gel | gil | |
Genitive | gil | gile | gil |
Dative | giul | gil | giul |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | gil | gela | |
Vocative | gilu gela† | ||
Accusative | gilu gela† | ||
Genitive | gel | ||
Dative | gelaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Derived terms
Descendants
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
gel | gel pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/ |
ngel |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 gel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Norse
Verb
gel
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *gailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰoylos (“frothing, tempestuous, wanton”). Cognate with Old English gāl, Dutch geil (“salacious, lustful”), Old High German geil (German geil (“lustful”)), Old Norse geiligr (“beautiful”).
Adjective
gēl (comparative gēloro, superlative gēlost)
Declension
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | gēl | gēle, gēla | gēl | gēla | gēl | gēl, gēla |
accusative | gēlan, gēlen | gēla, gēle | gēla | gēla | gēl | gēl, gēla |
genitive | gēles, gēlas | gēlaro, gēloro, gēlero | gēlara, gēlaro | gēlaro, gēloro, gēlero | gēles, gēlas | gēlaro, gēloro, gēlero |
dative | gēlumu, gēlum, gēlun, gēlun, gēlon, gēlen, gēlan | gēlun, gēlon, gēlum | gēlaro, gēlaru, gēlara | gēlun, gēlon | gēlumu, gēlum, gēlun, gēlun, gēlon, gēlen, gēlan | gēlun, gēlon, gēlum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | gēlo, gēla | gēlon, gēlun | gēla, gēle | gēlon, gēlun, gēlan | gēla, gēle | gēlon, gēlun |
accusative | gēlon, gēlan | gēlon, gēlun | gēlun, gēlon, gēlan | gēlon, gēlun, gēlan | gēla, gēle | gēlon, gēlun |
genitive | gēlen, gēlan | gēlono, gēleno | gēlun, gēlan, gēlen | gēlono | gēlen, gēlan | gēlono, gēleno |
dative | gēlon, gēlen, gēlan | gēlon, gēlun | gēlun, gēlan | gēlon, gēlun | gēlon, gēlen, gēlan | gēlon, gēlun |
Weak declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | gēloro, gēlora | gēloron, gēlorun | gēlora, gēlore | gēloron, gēlorun, gēloran | gēlora, gēlore | gēloron, gēlorun |
accusative | gēloron, gēloran | gēloron, gēlorun | gēlorun, gēloron, gēloran | gēloron, gēlorun, gēloran | gēlora, gēlore | gēloron, gēlorun |
genitive | gēloren, gēloran | gēlorono, gēloreno | gēlorun, gēloran, gēloren | gēlorono | gēloren, gēloran | gēlorono, gēloreno |
dative | gēloron, gēloren, gēloran | gēloron, gēlorun | gēlorun, gēloran | gēloron, gēlorun | gēloron, gēloren, gēloran | gēloron, gēlorun |
Portuguese
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
- gel (suspension of solid in liquid)
References
Romanian
Etymology
Noun
gel n (plural geluri)
Declension
Spanish
Etymology
From gelatina or borrowed from French gel. Compare English gel, gelatine.
Pronunciation
Noun
gel m (plural geles)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “gel”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tok Pisin
Etymology
Noun
gel
Turkish
Pronunciation
Verb
gel
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-
- English terms derived from French
- English terms derived from Italian
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɛl
- Rhymes:English/ɛl/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- British English
- English slang
- English heteronyms
- English three-letter words
- Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio links
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- Cantonese terms borrowed from English
- Cantonese terms derived from English
- Chinese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms written in foreign scripts
- Cantonese Chinese
- Hong Kong Cantonese
- Chinese internet slang
- Chinese neologisms
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian adjectives
- Luserna Cimbrian
- cim:Colors
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Dutch nouns with multiple genders
- nl:Hair
- Dutch Low Saxon terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch Low Saxon lemmas
- Dutch Low Saxon adjectives
- nds-nl:Colors
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Canadian French
- fr:Time
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German adjectives
- German terms with obsolete senses
- German Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German Low German lemmas
- German Low German adjectives
- nds-de:Colors
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛːl
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛːl/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic neuter nouns
- Icelandic uncountable nouns
- Nalca lemmas
- Nalca nouns
- Old French non-lemma forms
- Old French contractions
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adjectives
- Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives
- sga:Colors
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse verb forms
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon adjectives
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-
- Portuguese terms borrowed from English
- Portuguese terms derived from English
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛl
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛl/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛw
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛw/1 syllable
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese nouns with multiple plurals
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Spanish terms borrowed from French
- Spanish terms derived from French
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/el
- Rhymes:Spanish/el/1 syllable
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Tok Pisin terms derived from English
- Tok Pisin lemmas
- Tok Pisin nouns
- tpi:Children
- tpi:Female
- tpi:People
- tpi:Female people
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms with audio links
- Turkish non-lemma forms
- Turkish verb forms