keystone

See also: Keystone

English

The keystone of an arch (sense 1).

Etymology

key +‎ stone

Definition 4 (retail) possibly originated in the jewelry industry in the magazine called "Jewelers' Circular-Keystone".

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkiː.stəʊn/
• Rhymes: -iːstəʊn

Noun

keystone (plural keystones)

1. (architecture) The top stone of an arch.
   • 1950 March, “Notes and News: Sugar Loaf Tunnel, Central Wales Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 209:

     The tunnel, which is 1,000 yd. long, had been closed to passenger traffic since November 17, 1949, after some of the keystones had worked loose.

2. Something on which other things depend for support.
   • 1999, Eliezer Geisler, Methodology, Theory, and Knowledge in the Managerial and Organizational ...‎^[1]:

     Tension between empirical and theoretical knowledge is keystone to sociological and to organizational theories, as early as in Marx's and Weber's frameworks.

3. A native or resident of the American state of Pennsylvania.
4. (retail) A retail price that is double the cost price; a markup of 100%.
5. (baseball) The combination of the shortstop and second baseman.

Derived terms

• Keystone Cop
• keystone corner
• keystone correction
• keystone effect
• keystone picture
• keystone pricing
• keystone species
• Keystone State

 

Translations

the top stone of an arch

• Arabic: حجر العقد
• Armenian: պորտաքար (hy) (portakʻar)

  Old Armenian: պորտ (port)

• Azerbaijani: açardaşı
• Basque: giltzarri
• Bulgarian: ключ (bg) m (ključ)
• Catalan: clau de volta (ca) f
• Czech: svorník
• Danish: slutsten c, kilesten c
• Dutch: sluitsteen (nl) m
• Esperanto: ĉefŝtono, ŝlosoŝtono
• Estonian: päiskivi
• Finnish: lakikivi
• French: clef de voûte (fr) f, clé de voute (fr), clef d’arc (fr) f, clé d’arc (fr) f, claveau (fr) m
• Galician: clave (gl) f
• Georgian: ქვაკუთხედი (kvaḳutxedi)
• German: Schlussstein (de) m, Scheitelstein m
• Greek: σφηνόλιθος (el) m (sfinólithos)

  Ancient: ὀμφαλός (omphalós)

• Hebrew: אבן הראשה (he)
• Hungarian: zárókő (hu)
• Icelandic: höfuðsteinn m, lokasteinn m
• Ido: klozostono (io)
• Italian: chiave di volta f
• Japanese: キーストーン
• Kannada: ನೆತ್ತಿಗಲ್ಲು (kn) (nettigallu)
• Korean: 쐐기돌 (sswaegidol)
• Macedonian: клучен камен m (klučen kamen)
• Maltese: ċavi f
• Manx: ard-chlagh f, ogher f
• Norwegian: kronestein
• Occitan: clau de vòlta f
• Persian: سنگ تاج
• Plautdietsch: Akjsteen m
• Polish: zwornik (pl) m, klucz (pl) m, filar (pl) m, podstawa (pl) f
• Portuguese: pedra angular f
• Romanian: cheie de boltă (ro) f
• Russian: замко́вый ка́мень (ru) m (zamkóvyj kámenʹ), замо́к (ru) m (zamók)
• Slovak: svorník
• Spanish: clave (es) f
• Swedish: slutsten, nyckelstenen
• Tamil: கீஸ்டோன் (kīsṭōṉ)
• Ukrainian: замковий камінь m (zamkovyj kaminʹ), замок m (zamok), ключ (uk) m (ključ)

something on which other things depend for support

• Bulgarian: крайъгълен камък (bg) m (krajǎgǎlen kamǎk)
• Danish: grundprincip n, kardinalpunkt n, hovedpunkt n
• French: clef de voûte (fr) f
• Occitan: clau de vòlta f
• Russian: замко́вый ка́мень (ru) m (zamkóvyj kámenʹ)
• Vietnamese: rường cột (vi)

a native or resident of the American state of Pennsylvania

Verb

keystone (third-person singular simple present keystones, present participle keystoning, simple past and past participle keystoned)

1. (transitive) To distort (an image) by projecting it onto a surface at an angle, which for example causes a square to look like a trapezoid.
2. (transitive, retail) To double the cost price in order to determine the retail price; to apply a markup of 100%.

Anagrams

• keynotes, keytones