intelligence
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Englisch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English intelligence, from Old French intelligence, from Latin intelligentia, which is from inter- (“between”) + legere (“choose, pick out, read”), or Proto-Italic *legō (“to care”). Doublet of intelligentsia.
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]intelligence (countable and uncountable, plural intelligences)
- (chiefly uncountable) Capacity of mind, especially to understand principles, truths, facts oder meanings, acquire knowledge, and apply it to practice; the ability to comprehend and learn; the ability to process sentient experience to generate true beliefs with a justified degree of confidence.
- 1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC:
- Not so, however, with Tarzan, the man-child. His life amidst the dangers of the jungle had taught him to meet emergencies with self-confidence, and his higher intelligence resulted in a quickness of mental action far beyond the powers of the apes.
- 1936 Feb., F. Scott Fitzgerald, "The Crack-Up", Esquire:
- ...the test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function.
- 2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:
- Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits. ¶ Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.
- (chiefly uncountable) The quality of making use or having made use of such capacities: depth of understanding, mental quickness.
- 2018, Dalai Lama, translated by Dhondup Tsering, Introduction to Buddhism, →ISBN, page 8:
- From a religious point of view, a bodhisattva with sharp faculties and great intelligence can cause a tremendous upheaval if he or she misuses that power under the influence of negative emotions, like attachment and hatred.
- (countable) An entity that has such capacities.
- 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto LXXXV:
- The great Intelligences fair / That range above our mortal state, / In circle round the blessed gate, / Received and gave him welcome there.
- 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 102:
- The living intelligence, the Martian within the hood, was slain and splashed to the four winds of heaven, and the thing was now but a mere intricate device of metal whirling to destruction.
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 275:
- But there are latent powers within man alone that are not yet fully understood and [...] we cannot definitely state what is, and what is not, due to the interference or influence of discarnate intelligences.
- 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 228:
- He passes beyond the projections and thought forms of his own creation to the wholly other and independent world of the angelic intelligences.
- (chiefly uncountable) Information, often secret, about an enemy or about hostile activities.
- 2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 40:01 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?[1], archived from the original on 3 November 2022:
- Their lack of good intelligence also meant that they vastly overestimated the size of their foes for far too long, hails of armor-piercing shells doing comparatively little damage compared to the high explosive that they should have been using.
- (countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.
- (dated) Acquaintance; intercourse; familiarity.
- 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:
- He lived rather in a fair intelligence than any friendship with the favourite
Synonyms
[edit]- (capacity of mind): wit, intellect, brightness
- (entity): see Thesaurus:sentient
- See also Thesaurus:intelligence
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- adaptive intelligence
- artificial general intelligence
- artificial intelligence
- business intelligence
- business intelligence
- CIA
- computational intelligence
- counter intelligence
- counter-intelligence
- counterintelligence
- cyberintelligence
- ELINT
- emotional intelligence
- extelligence
- fluid intelligence
- HUMINT
- humint
- hyperintelligence
- intel
- intelligence agency
- intelligence asset
- intelligence community
- intelligenced
- intelligence-gathering
- intelligencelike
- intelligence office
- intelligence officer
- intelligence quotient
- intelligencer
- intelligence service
- intelligencing
- IQ
- machine intelligence
- MI5
- MI6
- misintelligence
- nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people
- nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public
- nonintelligence
- no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public
- SIGINT
- sigint
- SIS
- social media intelligence
- SOCMINT
- superintelligence
- swarm intelligence
- synthetic intelligence
- tactical intelligence
- unintelligence
Translations
[edit]capacity of mind
|
entity that has such capacities
|
information about the enemy
|
department, agency or unit
|
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin intelligentia (“discernment, intelligence”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]intelligence f (plural intelligences)
- intelligence; cleverness
- C’est un homme d’une rare intelligence.
- He is a man of exceptional intelligence.
- comprehension
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “intelligence”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English intelligence. Doublet of intelligenza and intellighenzia.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /inˈtɛl.li.d͡ʒens/[1]
- Rhymes: -ɛllidʒens
Nomen
[edit]intelligence f (invariable)
References
[edit]- ^ intelligence in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old French intelligence, from Latin intellegentia.
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]intelligence (uncountable)
Descendants
[edit]- English: intelligence
- Yola: tellgence, talligence
References
[edit]- “intelliǧence, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Middle French
[edit]Nomen
[edit]intelligence f (plural intelligences)
- intelligence
- comprehension
- 1595, Michel de Montaigne, Essais, book II, chapter 10:
- Je souhaiterois avoir plus parfaicte comprehension des choses, mais je ne la veux pas achepter si cher qu’elle couste.
- I would like to have a more perfect knowledge of everything, but I don't want to buy it for how much it costs
Old French
[edit]Nomen
[edit]intelligence oblique singular, f (oblique plural intelligences, nominative singular intelligence, nominative plural intelligences)
Descendants
[edit]- French: intelligence
- → Middle English: intelligence, intelligens
- English: intelligence
- Yola: tellgence, talligence
References
[edit]- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (intelligence, supplement)
Kategorien:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Italic
- English doublets
- English 4-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English dated terms
- en:Espionage
- en:Thinking
- French terms borrowed from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 4-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French feminine nouns
- French terms with usage examples
- Italian terms borrowed from English
- Italian terms derived from English
- Italian doublets
- Italian 4-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɛllidʒens
- Rhymes:Italian/ɛllidʒens/4 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Middle English terms borrowed from Old French
- Middle English terms derived from Old French
- Middle English terms derived from Latin
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English uncountable nouns
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French nouns
- Middle French feminine nouns
- Middle French countable nouns
- Middle French terms with quotations
- Old French lemmas
- Old French nouns
- Old French feminine nouns