jeden
Czech
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: první Adverbial: jedenkrát, jednikrát, jednou Repetition adjective: jednonásobný Collective: jedny | ||||
Czech Wikipedia article on 1 |
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech jeden, from Proto-Slavic *edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”).
Numeral
[edit]jeden m (feminine jedna, neuter jedno)
Declension
[edit]singular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | |
genitive | jednoho | jedné | jednoho | |
dative | jednomu | jedné | jednomu | |
accusative | jednoho | jeden | jednu | jedno |
locative | jednom | jedné | jednom | |
instrumental | jedním | jednou | jedním | |
plural | ||||
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jedni | jedny | jedna | |
genitive | jedněch | |||
dative | jedněm | |||
accusative | jedny | jedna | ||
locative | jedněch | |||
instrumental | jedněmi |
Coordinate terms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Participle
[edit]jeden
Further reading
[edit]- “jeden”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “jeden”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “jeden”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
German
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]jeden
- inflection of jeder:
Kashubian
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Cardinal: jeden |
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]jeden
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | jedny | jedne | |
genitive | jednégò | jedny | jednégò | jednëch | ||
dative | jednémù | jedny | jednémù | jednym | ||
accusative | jednégò | jeden | jednã | jedno | jednëch | jedne |
instrumental | jednym | jedną | jednym | jednyma | ||
locative | jednym | jedny | jednym | jednëch |
Further reading
[edit]- “jeden I”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- “jeden II”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “jeden”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1]
Old Czech
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: prvý, první Adverbial: jednú |
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]jeden
Declension
[edit]singular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | |
genitive | jednoho | jedné | jednoho | |
dative | jednomu | jednej, jednéj | jednomu | |
accusative | jednoho, jeden | jednu | jedno | |
locative | jednom | jednej, jednéj | jednom | |
instrumental | jedniem | jednú | jedniem | |
dual | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | jedna | jedně | ||
genitive | jednú | |||
dative | jedněma | |||
accusative | jedna | jedně | ||
locative | jednú | |||
instrumental | jedněma | |||
plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | jedni | jedny | jedna | |
genitive | jedněch | |||
dative | jedněm | |||
accusative | jedny | jedna | ||
locative | jedněch | |||
instrumental | jedněmi |
Coordinate terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Czech: jeden
References
[edit]- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “jeden”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]jeden
Declension
[edit]This numeral needs an inflection-table template.
Pronoun
[edit]jeden
- a; some, a certain; one
- some man, some guy (undefined male person)
- every
- Synonym: każdy
- alone
- Synonym: sam
- same
- Synonym: sam
Declension
[edit]This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “jeden, jaden”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: pierwszy Adverbial: jednokrotnie, jednokroć, raz Multiplier: pojedynczy, jednokrotny Distributive: pojedynczo Adverbial qualitative: jednorako Multiplier qualitative: jednoraki Fractional: całość Numeral noun: jedynka Relational adjective: jedynkowy |
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish jeden.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈjɛ.dɛn/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈjɛ.dɛn/, /ˈjɛ.den/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɛdɛn
- Syllabification: je‧den
Numeral
[edit]jeden
Usage notes
[edit]- In composite numbers (dwadzieścia jeden, trzydzieści jeden, czterdzieści jeden, etc.), jeden is indeclinable and creates a neuter-singular noun phrase. Thus:
- Było dwudziestu jeden ludzi tam. ― There were twenty-one people there.
- Zobaczyłem tam dwudziestu jeden ludzi. ― I saw twenty-one people there.
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | jedni | jedne | |
genitive | jednego | jednej | jednego | jednych | ||
dative | jednemu | jednej | jednemu | jednym | ||
accusative | jednego | jeden | jedną | jedno | jednych | jedne |
instrumental | jednym | jedną | jednym | jednymi | ||
locative | jednym | jednej | jednym | jednych |
Coordinate terms
[edit]Adjective
[edit]jeden (not comparable, no derived adverb)
- first; one
- Szedł z jednego kąta do drugiego. ― He was walking from one corner to the other.
- same; one
- Mają jeden cel. ― They have one goal.
- a; some, a certain; one
- jakiś ― pewien
- Mam jednego kota. ― I have a cat.
- denotes something composed of many smaller parts single; one
- jedna całość ― single whole
- denotes a negative opinion to the listener held by the speaker; you!
- Ty byku jeden! ― You boob!
- (colloquial) only, merely denotes speakers disappointment with the small size or amount
- Synonym: jedyny
Nomen
[edit]jeden m pers (female equivalent jedna)
- (colloquial) some man, some guy (undefined male person)
Declension
[edit]Nomen
[edit]jeden m animal
- (colloquial) glass of vodka
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), jeden is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 309 times in scientific texts, 261 times in news, 217 times in essays, 191 times in fiction, and 174 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1152 times, making it the 34th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- jeden in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- jeden in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “jeden”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “JEDEN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2022 December 5
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “jeden”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “jeden”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “jeden”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 151
- jeden in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Participle
[edit]jeden (Cyrillic spelling једен)
Slovak
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Cardinal: jeden Ordinal: prvý Adverbial: raz Multiplier: jeden jediný, jednotný Qualitative: jednaký |
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]jeden m
- one (1)
Declension
[edit]singular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | |
genitive | jedného | jednej | jedného | |
dative | jednému | jednej | jednému | |
accusative | jedného | jeden | jednu | jedno |
locative | jednom | jednej | jednom | |
instrumental | jedným | jednou | jedným | |
plural | ||||
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jedni | jedny | ||
genitive | jedných | |||
dative | jedným | |||
accusative | jedných | jedny | ||
locative | jedných | |||
instrumental | jednými |
Coordinate terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “jeden”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
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