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{{Infobox galaxy cluster|name=Saraswati [[Supercluster]]|major_axis_mpc={{convert|200|Mpc|Mly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}|flux=|luminosity=|mass=2.0×10<sup>16</sup>|distance={{convert|1.2|Gpc|Gly|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}|redshift=0.28|minor_axis_mpc=|member_no=43|image=|er=|dec={{DEC|00|16|17}}|ra={{RA|23|37|40}}|constellation=Pisces|epoch=J2000.0|credit=|caption=|other_names=}}{{Campaignbox ロシア・ウクライナ戦争}} |
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{{天体 基本|色=小惑星|和名=2014 FE72|画像ファイル=File:Planet_nine-etnos_now.png|画像サイズ=265px|画像説明=左下の緑線が、2014 FE72の軌跡である。|分類=[[太陽系外縁天体]]|軌道の種類=[[太陽系外縁天体]]、[[散乱円盤天体]]|視等級=24.3<ref name="AstDyS"/>}} |
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{{天体 発見|色=小惑星|発見日=[[2014年]][[3月26日]]|発見者=[[チャドウィック・トルヒージョ]]<br />[[スコット・S・シェパード]]}} |
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{{天体 軌道|色=小惑星|元期=2019年4月27日 ([[ユリウス通日|JD]] 2,458,600.5)|軌道長半径={{Ubl |
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| {{val|1505|540|u=AU}} |
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| 1550 AU (重心)<ref name=barycenter/> |
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}}|近日点距離={{val|36.33|0.14|ul=AU}}|遠日点距離={{Ubl |
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| {{val|2975|1067|u=AU}} |
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| 3060 AU (重心)<ref name=barycenter/> |
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}}|離心率={{val|0.9759|0.0087}}|公転周期={{Ubl |
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| {{val|58,400|31,400}} [[ユリウス年]] |
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| 60,900 yr (重心)<ref name=barycenter/> |
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}}|軌道傾斜角={{val|20.655|0.003}} [[度 (角度)|度]]|近日点引数=310.95 度|昇交点黄経={{val|336.883|0.005}}度|平均近点角={{val|134.162|0.066}}°}} |
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{{天体 物理|色=小惑星|直径=270 km <ref name="Brown-dplist" /><ref name="h" />|スペクトル分類=|絶対等級=6.1|アルベド=0.08(推定)|赤道傾斜角=|色指数_UB=}} |
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{{天体 終了|色=小惑星}} |
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The '''Saraswati Supercluster''' is a massive [[:en:Galaxy_supercluster|galaxy supercluster]] about 1.2 [[:en:Gigaparsec|gigaparsecs]] (4,000 million [[:en:Light_year|light years]]) away within the [[:en:Stripe_82|Stripe 82]] region of [[:en:Sloan_Digital_Sky_Survey|SDSS]], in the direction of the [[:en:Constellation|constellation]] [[:en:Pisces_(constellation)|Pisces]].<ref name="Bagchi20172">{{cite journal|last1=Bagchi|first1=Joydeep|last2=Sankhyayan|first2=Shishir|last3=Sarkar|first3=Prakash|last4=Raychaudhury|first4=Somak|last5=Jacob|first5=Joe|last6=Dabhade|first6=Pratik|year=2017|title=Saraswati: An Extremely Massive ~ 200 Megaparsec Scale Supercluster|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=844|pages=25|arxiv=1707.03082|bibcode=2017ApJ...844...25B|doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa7949|author-link4=Somak Raychaudhury}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/07/13/ciencia/1499967116_043113.html|title=Descubierta Sarasvati, una de las mayores estructuras del universo|language=es|date=14 July 2017|access-date=14 July 2017|publisher=[[El País]]}}</ref> It is one of the [[:en:List_of_largest_cosmic_structures|largest structures]] found in the [[:en:Observable_universe|universe]], with a major axis in diameter of about 200 Mpc (652 million light years). It consists of at least 43 [[:en:Galaxy_cluster|galaxy clusters]], and has the mass of {{Solar mass|2 × 10<sup>16</sup>|link=y}}, forming a [[:en:Galaxy_filament|galaxy filament]].<ref name="IUCAA2">{{cite web|title="Saraswati"- one of the most massive large-scale structures in the Universe discovered|url=http://www.iucaa.in/Saraswati-General.html|access-date=14 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729142754/http://www.iucaa.in/Saraswati-General.html|archive-date=29 July 2017|website=IUCAA}}</ref> |
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'''{{mp|2014 FE|72}}'''は2014年3月26日に[[ラ・セレナ]]の[[セロ・トロロ汎米天文台]]で発見された[[太陽系外縁天体]]の一つ。この天体は[[準惑星]]、もしくは[[散乱円盤天体]]に該当する可能性がある。そしてその軌跡は内[[オールトの雲]]にまで達する。この天体は[[チャドウィック・トルヒージョ]]と[[スコット・S・シェパード]]によって発見され、公表されたのは2016年8月29日である。この[[公転周期]]と遠日点の組み合わせは不自然であり、{{mp|2014 FE|72}}は2018年まで遠日点が最大の天体であった。しかし現在、[[太陽系外縁天体]]の中での遠日点の遠さは2017 MB<sub>7</sub>に次ぐ。 |
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'''サラスヴァティー超銀河団'''は1.2ギガ[[パーセク]](40億光年)超銀河団 |
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[[File:Planet_nine-etnos_now-close-new.png|リンク=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Planet_nine-etnos_now-close-new.png|左|サムネイル|200x200ピクセル|2014 FE72 は上部の緑の先で、太陽から離れていっている。]] |
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この天体の軌跡の[[離心率]]は0.977に達し、近日点は 36.19[[天文単位]]であるが、遠日点は3060天文単位であり公転周期は60900年である。遠日点は[[彗星]]を除けば太陽系で2番目の大きさである{{refn|2017 MB7は非常に小さな天体で、絶対等級は14以下、遠日点は2800天文単位以下、公転周期は54000年以下であるため彗星の一種かもしれない。 |
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<ref>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2017MB7 JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2017 MB7)]</ref>|group=n}}。{{mp|2014 FE|72}}の公転周期は、[[セドナ (小惑星)|セドナ]]の5倍以上となる。{{mp|2014 FE|72}} が最後に近日点を通過したのは1965年の後半である。{{clear|left}} |
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== |
== 発見 == |
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The Saraswati supercluster was discovered by a team of astrophysicists from the [[:en:Inter-University_Centre_for_Astronomy_and_Astrophysics|Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics]] and [[:en:Indian_Institute_of_Science_Education_and_Research|Indian Institute of Science Education and Research]] led by J. Bagchi and colleagues in [[:en:Pune|Pune]], [[:en:India|India]]. Analyzing the data of Stripe 82 of the comprehensive [[:en:Sloan_Digital_Sky_Survey|Sloan Digital Sky Survey]], particularly the sets of LOWZ data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, part of the DR12 catalogue of the SDSS, the team discovered an overdensity of the sampled 625 galaxies from LOWZ and 3,016 from the LEGACY-BOSS-SOUTHERN, a survey of the southern sky that is also a part of SDSS DR12. It was discovered in 2017.<ref name="Bagchi20172" /> |
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<references group="n" responsive="1"></references> |
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== |
== 宇宙論 == |
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The Saraswati Supercluster is one of the [[:en:List_of_largest_cosmic_structures|largest and most massive superclusters known]], comparable to the massive [[:en:Shapley_Concentration|Shapley Concentration]] in the nearby universe. The supercluster consists of 43 massive galaxy clusters, which include Abell 2361 and ZWCl 2341.1+0000. It is surrounded by a network of galaxy filaments, clusters, and [[:en:Void_(astronomy)|voids]]. |
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<references group="" responsive="1"><ref name="Brown-dplist" /> <ref name="Carnegie2016-08-29" /> <ref name="h" /> <ref name="jpldata" /> <ref name="barycenter" /> <ref name="SednaBarycentric" /> <ref name="MPEC 2016-Q43" /> <ref name="AstDyS" /></references><!--end reflist--> |
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The Saraswati supercluster and its environs reveal that some extreme large-scale, prominent matter density enhancements had formed in the past when [[:en:Dark_energy|dark energy]] had just started to dominate structure formation. This galactic concentration sheds light on the role of dark energy and cosmological initial conditions in supercluster formation.<ref name="NewScientist2">{{cite web|title=Galaxy supercluster is one of the biggest things in the universe|date=14 July 2017|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2140847-galaxy-supercluster-is-one-of-the-biggest-things-in-the-universe/|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008104633/https://www.newscientist.com/article/2140847-galaxy-supercluster-is-one-of-the-biggest-things-in-the-universe/|archive-date=8 October 2017|website=NewScientist|last=Crane|first=Leah}}</ref><ref name="HuffPo2">{{cite web|title='Saraswati': A Supercluster Of Galaxies Discovered By Indian Scientists|date=14 July 2017|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/07/13/saraswati-a-supercluster-of-galaxies-discovered-by-indian-sci_a_23029293/|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714091956/http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/07/13/saraswati-a-supercluster-of-galaxies-discovered-by-indian-sci_a_23029293/|archive-date=14 July 2017|website=HuffingtonPost|last=|first=}}</ref> |
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== 外部リンク == |
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* {{JPL small body|id=3757872}}<!--use upon numbering: {{Minor planets navigator| |number=? |PageName={{mp|(?) 2014 FE|72}} | }}--> |
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<references group="" responsive="1"></references>{{Campaignbox ロシアのウクライナ侵攻(2022年)|state=expanded}} |
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2022年3月3日 (木) 09:40時点における最新版
The Saraswati Supercluster is a massive galaxy supercluster about 1.2 gigaparsecs (4,000 million light years) away within the Stripe 82 region of SDSS, in the direction of the constellation Pisces.[1][2] It is one of the largest structures found in the universe, with a major axis in diameter of about 200 Mpc (652 million light years). It consists of at least 43 galaxy clusters, and has the mass of 2 × 1016 M☉, forming a galaxy filament.[3]
サラスヴァティー超銀河団は1.2ギガパーセク(40億光年)超銀河団
発見
[編集]The Saraswati supercluster was discovered by a team of astrophysicists from the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics and Indian Institute of Science Education and Research led by J. Bagchi and colleagues in Pune, India. Analyzing the data of Stripe 82 of the comprehensive Sloan Digital Sky Survey, particularly the sets of LOWZ data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, part of the DR12 catalogue of the SDSS, the team discovered an overdensity of the sampled 625 galaxies from LOWZ and 3,016 from the LEGACY-BOSS-SOUTHERN, a survey of the southern sky that is also a part of SDSS DR12. It was discovered in 2017.[1]
宇宙論
[編集]The Saraswati Supercluster is one of the largest and most massive superclusters known, comparable to the massive Shapley Concentration in the nearby universe. The supercluster consists of 43 massive galaxy clusters, which include Abell 2361 and ZWCl 2341.1+0000. It is surrounded by a network of galaxy filaments, clusters, and voids.
The Saraswati supercluster and its environs reveal that some extreme large-scale, prominent matter density enhancements had formed in the past when dark energy had just started to dominate structure formation. This galactic concentration sheds light on the role of dark energy and cosmological initial conditions in supercluster formation.[4][5]
参照
[編集]- ^ a b Bagchi, Joydeep; Sankhyayan, Shishir; Sarkar, Prakash; Raychaudhury, Somak; Jacob, Joe; Dabhade, Pratik (2017). “Saraswati: An Extremely Massive ~ 200 Megaparsec Scale Supercluster”. The Astrophysical Journal 844: 25. arXiv:1707.03082. Bibcode: 2017ApJ...844...25B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7949.
- ^ “Descubierta Sarasvati, una de las mayores estructuras del universo” (スペイン語). El País (14 July 2017). 14 July 2017閲覧。
- ^ “"Saraswati"- one of the most massive large-scale structures in the Universe discovered”. IUCAA. 29 July 2017時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。14 July 2017閲覧。
- ^ Crane, Leah (14 July 2017). “Galaxy supercluster is one of the biggest things in the universe”. NewScientist. 8 October 2017時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。12 January 2018閲覧。
- ^ “'Saraswati': A Supercluster Of Galaxies Discovered By Indian Scientists”. HuffingtonPost (14 July 2017). 14 July 2017時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。12 January 2018閲覧。
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