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出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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{{Drugbox
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = verified
| Verifiedfields = verified
| verifiedrevid = 462266722
| verifiedrevid = 462266722
| image = Oxandrolone.svg
| image = Oxandrolone.svg
| width = 225px
| width = 225px
| image2 = Oxandrolone molecule ball.png
| image2 = Oxandrolone molecule ball.png
| width2 = 235px
| width2 = 235px


<!-- Names -->
<!-- Names -->
| pronounce =
| pronounce =
| tradename = Oxandrin, Anavar, others
| tradename = Oxandrin, Anavar, others
| synonyms = Var; CB-8075; NSC-67068; SC-11585; Protivar; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-DHT; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one
| synonyms = Var; CB-8075; NSC-67068; SC-11585; Protivar; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-DHT; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one
| IUPAC_name = (1S,3aS,3bR,5aS,9aS,9bS,11aS)-1-hydroxy-1,9a,11a-trimethyl-2,3,3a,3b,4,5,5a,6,9,9b,10,11-dodecahydroindeno[4,5-h]isochromen-7-one
| IUPAC_name = (1S,3aS,3bR,5aS,9aS,9bS,11aS)-1-hydroxy-1,9a,11a-trimethyl-2,3,3a,3b,4,5,5a,6,9,9b,10,11-dodecahydroindeno[4,5-h]isochromen-7-one


<!-- Clinical data -->
<!-- Clinical data -->
| class = [[Androgen]]; [[anabolic steroid]]
| class = [[Androgen]]; [[anabolic steroid]]
| uses = Promote [[weight gain]], prevent [[catabolism|protein breakdown]] from [[corticosteroid]]s, [[bone pain]] due to [[osteoporosis]]<ref name=AHFS2020/><ref name=LiGuo2016>{{cite journal | vauthors = Li H, Guo Y, Yang Z, Roy M, Guo Q | title = The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Burns | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 717–27 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 26454425 | doi = 10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023 }}</ref>
| uses = Promote [[weight gain]], prevent [[catabolism|protein breakdown]] from [[corticosteroid]]s, [[bone pain]] due to [[osteoporosis]]<ref name=AHFS2020/><ref name=LiGuo2016 />
| side_effects = Liver problems, lipid abnormalities<ref name=AHFS2020/>
| side_effects = Liver problems, lipid abnormalities<ref name=AHFS2020/>
| interactions =
| interactions =


<!-- notable interactions -->
<!-- notable interactions -->

| pregnancy_category= X
| pregnancy_category= X
| breastfeeding =
| breastfeeding =
| routes_of_administration= [[Oral administration|By mouth]]
| routes_of_administration= [[Oral administration|By mouth]]
| onset =
| onset =
| duration_of_action=
| duration_of_action=
| defined_daily_dose=
| defined_daily_dose=
| typical_dose =
| typical_dose =


<!-- External links -->
<!-- External links -->
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|oxandrolone}}
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|oxandrolone}}
| MedlinePlus = a604024
| MedlinePlus = a604024


<!-- Legal data -->
<!-- Legal data -->
| legal_CA = Schedule IV
| legal_CA = Schedule IV
| legal_US = Schedule III
| legal_US = Schedule III


<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = 97%<ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003">{{cite book|author1=Ashraf Mozayani|author2=Lionel Raymon|title=Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|date=15 October 2003|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-59259-654-6|pages=513–|access-date=6 November 2017|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215205341/https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|url-status=live}}</ref>
| bioavailability = 97%<ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003">{{cite book|author1=Ashraf Mozayani|author2=Lionel Raymon|title=Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|date=15 October 2003|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-59259-654-6|pages=513–|access-date=6 November 2017|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215205341/https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|url-status=live}}</ref>
| protein_bound = 94–97%<ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003" />
| protein_bound = 94–97%<ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003">{{cite book|author1=Ashraf Mozayani|author2=Lionel Raymon|title=Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|date=15 October 2003|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-59259-654-6|pages=513–|access-date=6 November 2017|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215205341/https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|url-status=live}}</ref>
| metabolism = [[Kidney]]s (primarily), [[liver]]<ref name="Hemat2003">{{cite book|author=R.A.S Hemat|title=Andropathy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hfwlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108|date=2 March 2003|publisher=Urotext|isbn=978-1-903737-08-8|pages=108–|access-date=2017-11-06|archive-date=2021-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725052737/https://books.google.com/books?id=hfwlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003">{{cite book|author1=Ashraf Mozayani|author2=Lionel Raymon|title=Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|date=15 October 2003|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-59259-654-6|pages=513–|access-date=6 November 2017|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215205341/https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|url-status=live}}</ref>
| metabolism = [[Kidney]]s (primarily), [[liver]]<ref name="Hemat2003">{{cite book|author=R.A.S Hemat|title=Andropathy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hfwlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108|date=2 March 2003|publisher=Urotext|isbn=978-1-903737-08-8|pages=108–|access-date=2017-11-06|archive-date=2021-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725052737/https://books.google.com/books?id=hfwlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003" />
| elimination_half-life= Adults: 9.4–10.4 hours<ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003">{{cite book|author1=Ashraf Mozayani|author2=Lionel Raymon|title=Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|date=15 October 2003|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-59259-654-6|pages=513–|access-date=6 November 2017|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215205341/https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="pmid19170590">{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller JT, Btaiche IF | title = Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury | journal = Pharmacotherapy | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 213–26 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19170590 | doi = 10.1592/phco.29.2.213 | url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90285/1/phco.29.2.213.pdf | s2cid = 25780591 | hdl = 2027.42/90285 | access-date = 2019-08-30 | archive-date = 2021-08-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154949/https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90285/phco.29.2.213.pdf;jsessionid=68C90400BA126B1D3CEC13F2A0CC3D62?sequence=1 | url-status = live }}</ref><br />Elderly: 13.3 hours<ref name="pmid19170590">{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller JT, Btaiche IF | title = Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury | journal = Pharmacotherapy | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 213–26 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19170590 | doi = 10.1592/phco.29.2.213 | url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90285/1/phco.29.2.213.pdf | s2cid = 25780591 | hdl = 2027.42/90285 | access-date = 2019-08-30 | archive-date = 2021-08-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154949/https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90285/phco.29.2.213.pdf;jsessionid=68C90400BA126B1D3CEC13F2A0CC3D62?sequence=1 | url-status = live }}</ref>
| elimination_half-life= Adults: 9.4–10.4 hours<ref name="MozayaniRaymon2003" /><ref name="pmid19170590">{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller JT, Btaiche IF | title = Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury | journal = Pharmacotherapy | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 213–26 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19170590 | doi = 10.1592/phco.29.2.213 | url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90285/1/phco.29.2.213.pdf | s2cid = 25780591 | hdl = 2027.42/90285 | access-date = 2019-08-30 | archive-date = 2021-08-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154949/https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90285/phco.29.2.213.pdf;jsessionid=68C90400BA126B1D3CEC13F2A0CC3D62?sequence=1 | url-status = live }}</ref><br />Elderly: 13.3 hours<ref name="pmid19170590" />
| excretion = [[Urine]]: 28% (unchanged)<ref name="pmid19170590" /><br />[[Feces]]: 3%<ref name="pmid19170590" />
| excretion = [[Urine]]: 28% (unchanged)<ref name="pmid19170590">{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller JT, Btaiche IF | title = Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury | journal = Pharmacotherapy | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 213–26 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19170590 | doi = 10.1592/phco.29.2.213 | url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90285/1/phco.29.2.213.pdf | s2cid = 25780591 | hdl = 2027.42/90285 | access-date = 2019-08-30 | archive-date = 2021-08-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154949/https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90285/phco.29.2.213.pdf;jsessionid=68C90400BA126B1D3CEC13F2A0CC3D62?sequence=1 | url-status = live }}</ref><br />[[Feces]]: 3%<ref name="pmid19170590">{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller JT, Btaiche IF | title = Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury | journal = Pharmacotherapy | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 213–26 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19170590 | doi = 10.1592/phco.29.2.213 | url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90285/1/phco.29.2.213.pdf | s2cid = 25780591 | hdl = 2027.42/90285 | access-date = 2019-08-30 | archive-date = 2021-08-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154949/https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90285/phco.29.2.213.pdf;jsessionid=68C90400BA126B1D3CEC13F2A0CC3D62?sequence=1 | url-status = live }}</ref>


<!-- Chemical and physical data -->
<!-- Chemical and physical data -->
| C= 19 | H= 30 | O= 3
| C= 19 | H= 30 | O= 3
| SMILES = C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@]2(C)O)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]3(COC(=O)C4)C
| SMILES = C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@]2(C)O)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]3(COC(=O)C4)C
| StdInChI = 1S/C19H30O3/c1-17-11-22-16(20)10-12(17)4-5-13-14(17)6-8-18(2)15(13)7-9-19(18,3)21/h12-15,21H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t12-,13+,14-,15-,17-,18-,19-/m0/s1
| StdInChI = 1S/C19H30O3/c1-17-11-22-16(20)10-12(17)4-5-13-14(17)6-8-18(2)15(13)7-9-19(18,3)21/h12-15,21H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t12-,13+,14-,15-,17-,18-,19-/m0/s1
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QSLJIVKCVHQPLV-PEMPUTJUSA-N
| StdInChIKey = QSLJIVKCVHQPLV-PEMPUTJUSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
}}
<!-- Definition and medical uses -->
<!-- Definition and medical uses -->
'''オキサンドロロン'''（Oxandrolone）は、'''オキサンドリン'''（Oxandrin）などの商品名で販売されている[[アンドロゲン]]と[[アナボリックステロイド]]（AAS）で製造されている医薬品である<ref name="AHFS2020">{{Cite web |title=Oxandrolone Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxandrolone.html |website=Drugs.com |access-date=14 December 2020 |language=en |archive-date=27 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227093142/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxandrolone.html |url-status=live}}</ref>。体重が減少中の人に[[体重増加]]を促進させるために用いられたり、長期間の[[副腎皮質ホルモン]]による[[異化 (生物学)|タンパク質分解]]を妨ぐために用いられたり、[[骨粗鬆症]]による[[骨痛|骨の痛み]]に用いられたりする<ref name="LiGuo2016">{{Cite journal|date=June 2016|title=The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=Burns|volume=42|issue=4|pages=717–27|doi=10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023|pmid=26454425}}</ref>。投与法は[[経口投与|経口]]である<ref name=AHFS2020/>。
'''オキサンドロロン'''（Oxandrolone）は、'''オキサンドリン'''（Oxandrin）などの商品名で販売されている[[アンドロゲン]]と[[アナボリックステロイド]]（AAS）で製造されている医薬品である<ref name="AHFS2020">{{Cite web |title=Oxandrolone Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxandrolone.html |website=Drugs.com |access-date=14 December 2020 |language=en |archive-date=27 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227093142/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxandrolone.html |url-status=live}}</ref>。体重が減少中の人に[[体重増加]]を促進させるために用いられたり、長期間の[[副腎皮質ホルモン]]による[[異化 (生物学)|タンパク質分解]]を妨ぐために用いられたり、[[骨粗鬆症]]による[[骨痛|骨の痛み]]に用いられたりする<ref name=LiGuo2016>{{cite journal | vauthors = Li H, Guo Y, Yang Z, Roy M, Guo Q | title = The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Burns | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 717–27 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 26454425 | doi = 10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023 }}</ref>。投与法は[[経口投与|経口]]である<ref name=AHFS2020/>。


<!-- Side effects and mechanism of action -->
<!-- Side effects and mechanism of action -->

2024年1月19日 (金) 06:10時点における版

オキサンドロロン
IUPAC命名法による物質名
臨床データ
販売名 Oxandrin, Anavar, others
Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a604024
胎児危険度分類
  • X
法的規制
投与経路 By mouth
薬物動態データ
生物学的利用能97%[1]
血漿タンパク結合94–97%[1]
代謝Kidneys (primarily), liver[2][1]
半減期Adults: 9.4–10.4 hours[1][3]
Elderly: 13.3 hours[3]
排泄Urine: 28% (unchanged)[3]
Feces: 3%[3]
識別
別名 Var; CB-8075; NSC-67068; SC-11585; Protivar; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-DHT; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one
化学的データ
化学式C19H30O3
分子量306.45 g·mol−1
テンプレートを表示

オキサンドロロン（Oxandrolone）は、オキサンドリン（Oxandrin）などの商品名で販売されているアンドロゲンとアナボリックステロイド（AAS）で製造されている医薬品である[4]。体重が減少中の人に体重増加を促進させるために用いられたり、長期間の副腎皮質ホルモンによるタンパク質分解を妨ぐために用いられたり、骨粗鬆症による骨の痛みに用いられたりする[5]。投与法は経口である[4]。

一般的な副作用には、肝臓の問題と脂質異常がなどがあげられる[4]。この他の副作用には、心不全、濫用、ニキビ、 多毛症、変声などがあげられる[4]。妊娠中の人への使用は胎児に悪影響を与える場合がある[4]。オキサンドロロンは、テストステロンの生物学的標的であり、アンドロゲン受容体（AR）を活性化させる[6]。アンドロゲンよりもアナボリックに影響する[4]。

オキサンドロロンは、1964年に米国で医薬品としての使用が許可された[4]。英国の医療機関では入手できない[6]。2020年の米国での価格は1錠10mgが60錠で284米ドルである[7]。体形や運動能力の向上に使用することは不適切である。多くの国では、規制物質に指定されており医薬品外の使用は違法である[8][9][10]。

出典

  1. ^ a b c d Ashraf Mozayani; Lionel Raymon (15 October 2003). Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 513–. ISBN 978-1-59259-654-6. オリジナルの15 December 2019時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20191215205341/https://books.google.com/books?id=dwMyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA513 6 November 2017閲覧。 
  2. ^ R.A.S Hemat (2 March 2003). Andropathy. Urotext. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-1-903737-08-8. オリジナルの2021-07-25時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20210725052737/https://books.google.com/books?id=hfwlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108 2017年11月6日閲覧。 
  3. ^ a b c d “Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury”. Pharmacotherapy 29 (2): 213–26. (February 2009). doi:10.1592/phco.29.2.213. hdl:2027.42/90285. PMID 19170590. オリジナルの2021-08-29時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154949/https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90285/phco.29.2.213.pdf;jsessionid=68C90400BA126B1D3CEC13F2A0CC3D62?sequence=1 2019年8月30日閲覧。. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f g “Oxandrolone Monograph for Professionals” (英語). Drugs.com. 27 February 2021時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。14 December 2020閲覧。
  5. ^ “The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. Burns 42 (4): 717–27. (June 2016). doi:10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023. PMID 26454425. 
  6. ^ a b “Pharmacology of anabolic steroids”. British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (3): 502–21. (June 2008). doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. PMC 2439524. PMID 18500378. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2439524/. 
  7. ^ “Oxandrolone Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips” (英語). GoodRx. 9 November 2016時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。14 December 2020閲覧。
  8. ^ “Controlled Substances Act”. United States Food and Drug Administration (11 June 2009). 2 March 2017時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。17 June 2016閲覧。
  9. ^ Branch. “Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act”. laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. 2017年2月5日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2017年1月14日閲覧。
  10. ^ “List of most commonly encountered drugs currently controlled under the misuse of drugs legislation - GOV.UK”. www.gov.uk. 2019年12月8日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2017年1月14日閲覧。
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