Table 236.60.

Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990-91 through 2016-17

Function and subfunction	Expenditures per pupil in current dollars										Expenditures per pupil in constant 2018-19 dollars1
	1990-91		2000-01	2006-07	2010-11	2012-13	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16	2016-17	1990-91		2000-01	2006-07	2010-11	2012-13	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16	2016-17
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11		12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19
Total expenditures	$5,484		$8,572	$11,252	$12,054	$12,033	$12,335	$12,796	$13,299	$13,834	$10,371		$12,399	$13,960	$13,809	$13,173	$13,296	$13,693	$14,136	$14,439
Current expenditures for      public schools	4,902		7,380	9,679	10,663	10,771	11,066	11,445	11,842	12,258	9,271		10,675	12,009	12,215	11,791	11,928	12,247	12,587	12,794
Salaries	3,220	2	4,752	5,849	6,300	6,265	6,372	6,530	6,748	6,927	6,090	2	6,874	7,257	7,217	6,858	6,868	6,987	7,173	7,230
Employee benefits	824	2	1,228	1,935	2,260	2,372	2,472	2,603	2,717	2,878	1,558	2	1,777	2,400	2,589	2,596	2,665	2,786	2,888	3,004
Purchased services	397	2	673	939	1,082	1,121	1,163	1,216	1,283	1,325	752	2	974	1,165	1,239	1,228	1,254	1,301	1,363	1,382
Tuition	29	2	52	80	101	102	106	111	114	121	55	2	75	100	116	112	114	119	121	127
Supplies	359	2	599	779	817	817	858	871	869	886	679	2	866	967	936	895	924	932	924	925
Other	72	2	76	97	103	93	95	114	111	120	136	2	110	120	118	102	103	122	118	125
Instruction	2,965		4,541	5,901	6,522	6,547	6,726	6,951	7,212	7,445	5,608		6,568	7,321	7,471	7,167	7,250	7,439	7,666	7,771
Salaries	2,202		3,273	3,997	4,307	4,273	4,344	4,437	4,578	4,688	4,164		4,735	4,959	4,934	4,678	4,682	4,748	4,866	4,893
Employee benefits	542		837	1,302	1,522	1,598	1,678	1,767	1,843	1,946	1,025		1,211	1,616	1,743	1,750	1,809	1,891	1,959	2,032
Purchased services	66		136	223	297	297	303	329	358	366	125		197	277	340	325	327	352	381	382
Tuition	29		52	80	101	102	106	111	114	121	55		75	100	116	112	114	119	121	127
Supplies	111		220	271	266	250	267	280	290	295	210		318	336	304	273	288	299	308	308
Textbooks	---		---	---	47	43	46	49	50	52	---		---	---	54	47	50	52	54	54
Other	15		22	27	30	27	28	27	28	29	29		32	33	34	30	30	29	30	30
Student support3	217		366	512	594	601	615	644	676	712	410		530	635	680	658	663	689	718	743
Salaries	159		262	342	392	389	396	411	429	446	301		379	425	449	425	427	440	456	466
Employee benefits	40		64	109	132	142	146	157	166	181	76		93	135	151	155	158	168	177	189
Purchased services	11		28	43	52	56	57	60	64	67	21		41	54	60	61	61	64	68	70
Supplies	5		9	11	11	11	11	12	12	13	9		13	13	12	12	12	13	13	13
Other	1		3	7	7	4	4	4	4	4	2		5	8	8	4	4	4	5	5
Instructional staff
services4	205		337	470	503	501	507	536	556	577	389		488	583	577	549	546	574	591	603
Salaries	135		207	279	293	291	294	308	319	331	255		300	346	336	319	316	330	340	345
Employee benefits	34		50	86	100	102	105	112	117	126	65		72	106	114	112	113	120	125	131
Purchased services	15		42	62	70	70	69	73	78	79	29		61	77	80	77	74	78	83	82
Supplies	19		33	38	37	33	36	39	37	38	36		48	48	42	37	39	42	40	40
Other	2		4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	5		6	5	5	5	4	5	5	4
General administration	141		151	190	212	218	222	229	239	244	266		218	235	243	238	240	246	254	254
Salaries	63		71	82	89	90	92	94	97	100	119		103	101	102	98	100	101	103	105
Employee benefits	19		21	32	38	39	38	41	41	44	36		31	39	43	43	41	43	44	46
Purchased services	36		44	59	65	69	72	74	80	77	68		64	73	75	76	77	80	85	81
Supplies	4		4	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	8		6	6	5	5	5	5	6	6
Other	18		10	13	16	14	15	15	15	16	35		14	16	18	16	16	16	16	17
School administration	284		415	546	580	593	608	632	659	684	537		600	677	664	650	656	677	701	714
Salaries	217		314	390	408	414	423	436	452	466	410		454	484	468	453	455	467	481	486
Employee benefits	55		78	124	141	149	154	163	171	183	104		113	153	162	163	166	174	182	191
Purchased services	6		13	19	19	19	19	21	23	23	11		19	24	22	21	21	23	24	24
Supplies	5		8	10	9	9	9	9	9	10	9		11	12	10	10	9	9	10	10
Other	2		2	3	3	3	3	3	3	4	3		3	4	3	3	3	4	4	4
Operation and maintenance	517		721	951	1,015	1,019	1,061	1,078	1,093	1,137	977		1,043	1,179	1,163	1,115	1,143	1,154	1,162	1,187
Salaries	215		285	342	356	351	357	362	372	382	406		413	424	408	384	385	388	396	399
Employee benefits	64		80	127	146	150	154	160	165	174	121		116	158	167	164	166	171	175	182
Purchased services	139		204	257	270	282	300	309	316	334	263		295	319	309	308	324	330	336	349
Supplies	91		146	216	235	228	241	240	233	239	173		211	268	270	250	260	256	248	250
Other	8		6	8	9	7	8	8	8	8	15		9	10	10	8	9	9	8	8
Student transportation	211		298	406	452	467	477	477	483	502	398		431	503	518	511	514	510	514	524
Salaries	80		115	144	152	151	154	157	163	169	151		166	178	174	166	166	168	173	176
Employee benefits	22		34	55	63	65	66	68	72	75	41		49	68	72	72	71	73	76	79
Purchased services	81		122	164	185	193	198	200	206	214	153		177	204	212	211	214	214	219	224
Supplies	23		25	39	48	53	54	47	37	39	44		36	49	55	58	58	50	40	40
Other	5		3	3	4	5	5	5	5	5	9		4	4	5	5	5	5	5	5
Other support services5	136		242	315	349	363	381	415	429	455	256		351	391	400	397	410	445	456	475
Salaries	70		117	145	165	167	172	181	190	196	133		169	180	189	183	186	194	202	204
Employee benefits	24		34	54	67	70	74	78	81	85	45		49	67	76	77	80	83	86	89
Purchased services	19		59	74	78	87	93	97	102	108	37		85	92	90	95	101	103	108	112
Supplies	7		13	18	18	19	22	23	25	26	14		19	22	20	21	24	25	26	28
Other	15		19	24	21	19	19	37	32	40	28		28	30	25	21	21	39	34	41
Food services	205		293	368	412	439	447	459	470	477	387		423	457	472	481	481	491	499	498
Salaries	---		105	124	131	133	134	137	141	143	---		152	153	150	145	144	146	150	149
Employee benefits	---		29	44	50	52	55	56	58	60	---		42	55	58	57	59	60	62	63
Purchased services	---		20	32	42	46	47	49	51	53	---		28	39	48	50	50	52	54	55
Supplies	---		136	165	184	203	207	211	214	215	---		197	205	211	223	223	226	227	224
Other	---		3	4	5	5	5	6	6	6	---		4	5	6	5	5	6	6	6
Enterprise operations6	23		16	22	22	22	23	22	24	25	43		24	27	26	24	25	24	25	26
Salaries	---		3	5	7	6	6	6	7	7	---		4	6	8	7	7	7	7	7
Employee benefits	---		1	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	---		1	2	2	2	2	2	3	3
Purchased services	---		4	5	3	4	4	4	4	4	---		6	6	4	4	4	4	4	4
Supplies	---		5	6	6	6	6	6	6	7	---		7	8	7	7	7	6	7	7
Other	---		4	4	4	4	4	4	5	4	---		6	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Capital outlay7	477		976	1,274	1,029	916	926	1,004	1,109	1,213	902		1,412	1,581	1,179	1,003	998	1,074	1,179	1,266
Interest on school debt	105		215	299	363	347	343	348	348	363	198		312	371	415	380	370	372	369	379

---Not available.

1 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

2 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations.

3 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

4 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

5 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.

6 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time).

7 Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2016-17. (This table was prepared August 2019.)