Total and current expenditures per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected school years, 1919-20 through 2020-21

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Table 236.55.Total and current expenditures per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected school years, 1919-20 through 2020-21
School year	Expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance	Expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment¹
1919-20	$64		$53	$1,006		$838	$48		$40		$753		$628		---
1929-30	108		87	1,899		1,518	90		72		1,573		1,257		---
1931-32	97		81	2,014		1,685	82		69		1,705		1,427		---
1933-34	76		67	1,725		1,527	65		57		1,466		1,298		---
1935-36	88		74	1,918		1,620	74		63		1,622		1,370		---

1937-38	100		84	2,086		1,755	86		72		1,790		1,506		---
1939-40	106		88	2,267		1,889	92		76		1,965		1,637		---
1941-42	110		98	2,115		1,890	94		84		1,811		1,618		---
1943-44	125		117	2,144		2,012	105		99		1,807		1,695		---
1945-46	146		136	2,396		2,241	124		116		2,041		1,909		---

1947-48	205		181	2,635		2,334	179		158		2,301		2,038		---
1949-50	260		210	3,295		2,662	231		187		2,924		2,362		---
1951-52	314		246	3,586		2,805	275		215		3,140		2,456		---
1953-54	351		265	3,911		2,951	312		236		3,478		2,624		---
1955-56	387		294	4,315		3,280	354		269		3,944		2,998		---

1957-58	447		341	4,695		3,580	408		311		4,282		3,265		---
1959-60	471		375	4,804		3,826	440		350		4,488		3,574		---
1961-62	517		419	5,156		4,178	485		393		4,838		3,920		---
1963-64	559		460	5,429		4,473	520		428		5,053		4,163		---
1965-66	654		538	6,141		5,050	607		499		5,701		4,689		---

1967-68	786		658	6,931		5,801	732		612		6,447		5,396		---
1969-70	955		816	7,576		6,474	879		751		6,975		5,960		---
1970-71	1,049		911	7,917		6,873	970		842		7,319		6,354		6.6
1971-72	1,128		990	8,214		7,208	1,034		908		7,533		6,610		4.0
1972-73	1,211		1,077	8,475		7,539	1,117		993		7,817		6,954		5.2

1973-74	1,364		1,207	8,767		7,759	1,244		1,101		7,994		7,075		1.7
1974-75	1,545		1,365	8,938		7,896	1,423		1,257		8,235		7,274		2.8
1975-76	1,697		1,504	9,172		8,125	1,563		1,385		8,445		7,482		2.9
1976-77	1,816		1,638	9,274		8,361	1,674		1,509		8,546		7,705		3.0
1977-78	2,002		1,823	9,581		8,722	1,842		1,677		8,812		8,022		4.1

1978-79	2,210		2,020	9,668		8,839	2,029		1,855		8,879		8,118		1.2
1979-80	2,491		2,272	9,615		8,770	2,290		2,088		8,839		8,062		-0.7
1980-81	2,742	⁵	2,502	9,487	⁵	8,655	2,529	⁵	2,307		8,751	⁵	7,983		-1.0
1981-82	2,973	⁵	2,726	9,469	⁵	8,680	2,754	⁵	2,525		8,771	⁵	8,041		0.7
1982-83	3,203	⁵	2,955	9,781	⁵	9,023	2,966	⁵	2,736		9,057	⁵	8,355		3.9

1983-84	3,471	⁵	3,173	10,221	⁵	9,343	3,216	⁵	2,940		9,468	⁵	8,656		3.6
1984-85	3,722	⁵	3,470	10,546	⁵	9,833	3,456	⁵	3,222		9,792	⁵	9,130		5.5
1985-86	4,020	⁵	3,756	11,071	⁵	10,343	3,724	⁵	3,479		10,257	⁵	9,582		5.0
1986-87	4,308	⁵	3,970	11,607	⁵	10,697	3,995	⁵	3,682		10,763	⁵	9,920		3.5
1987-88	4,654	⁵	4,240	12,040	⁵	10,969	4,310	⁵	3,927		11,150	⁵	10,158		2.4

1988-89	5,108		4,645	12,631		11,485	4,737		4,307		11,713		10,651		4.8
1989-90	5,547		4,980	13,092		11,753	5,172		4,643		12,206		10,958		2.9
1990-91	5,882		5,258	13,163		11,766	5,484		4,902		12,272		10,970		0.1
1991-92	6,072		5,421	13,166		11,755	5,626		5,023		12,200		10,892		-0.7
1992-93	6,279		5,584	13,204		11,741	5,802		5,160		12,201		10,849		-0.4

1993-94	6,489		5,767	13,300		11,821	5,994		5,327		12,285		10,918		0.6
1994-95	6,723		5,989	13,395		11,933	6,206		5,529		12,366		11,016		0.9
1995-96	6,959		6,147	13,499		11,923	6,441		5,689		12,494		11,035		0.2
1996-97	7,297		6,393	13,762		12,056	6,761		5,923		12,751		11,171		1.2
1997-98	7,701		6,676	14,268		12,369	7,139		6,189		13,228		11,468		2.7

1998-99	8,115		7,013	14,781		12,773	7,531		6,508		13,716		11,853		3.4
1999-2000	8,589		7,394	15,204		13,088	8,030		6,912		14,215		12,236		3.2
2000-01	9,180		7,904	15,712		13,528	8,572		7,380		14,671		12,631		3.2
2001-02	9,611		8,259	16,164		13,890	8,993		7,727		15,124		12,996		2.9
2002-03	9,950		8,610	16,374		14,169	9,296		8,044		15,298		13,238		1.9

2003-04	10,308		8,900	16,600		14,332	9,625		8,310		15,500		13,383		1.1
2004-05	10,779		9,316	16,851		14,564	10,078		8,711		15,756		13,618		1.8
2005-06	11,338		9,778	17,075		14,726	10,603		9,145		15,969		13,772		1.1
2006-07	12,015		10,336	17,639		15,173	11,252		9,679		16,518		14,209		3.2
2007-08	12,759		10,982	18,062		15,546	11,965		10,298		16,937		14,578		2.6

2008-09	13,033		11,239	18,195		15,690	12,222		10,540		17,064		14,714		0.9
2009-10	13,035		11,427	18,024		15,800	12,133		10,636		16,777		14,707		-0.1
2010-11	12,926		11,433	17,521		15,498	12,054		10,663		16,340		14,453		-1.7
2011-12	12,796		11,362	16,851		14,963	11,991		10,648		15,792		14,022		-3.0
2012-13	12,859		11,509	16,657		14,909	12,033		10,771		15,588		13,952		-0.5

2013-14	13,174		11,819	16,803		15,075	12,335		11,066		15,732		14,114		1.2
2014-15	13,668		12,224	17,306		15,479	12,796		11,445		16,202		14,491		2.7
2015-16	14,171		12,619	17,823		15,871	13,299		11,842		16,727		14,894		2.8
2016-17	14,777		13,096	18,250		16,174	13,834		12,260		17,085		15,142		1.7
2017-18	15,377		13,545	18,572		16,360	14,359		12,649		17,342		15,277		0.9

2018-19	16,146		14,165	19,105		16,761	15,036	⁶	13,189	⁶	17,791	⁶	15,606	⁶	2.2
2019-20⁷	16,591		14,427	19,329		16,808	15,524	⁶	13,496	⁶	18,086	⁶	15,723	⁶	0.8
2020-21⁷	17,561		15,362	19,999		17,495	16,345	⁶	14,295	⁶	18,614	⁶	16,280	⁶	3.5
---Not available.
¹Enrollment data for 1919-20 to 1953-54 are based on school-year enrollment.
²Unadjusted (or "current") dollars have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation.
³Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.
⁴Excludes "Other current expenditures," such as community services, private school programs, adult education, and other programs not allocable to expenditures per pupil at public schools.
⁵Estimated.
⁶Excludes prekindergarten expenditures and prekindergarten enrollment for California.
⁷Includes expenditures paid from funds authorized by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act of 2020, the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act of 2021, and the American Rescue Plan (ARP) of 2021.
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Beginning in 1980-81, state administration expenditures are excluded from both "total" and "current" expenditures. Current expenditures include instruction, support services, food services, and enterprise operations. Total expenditures include current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest on debt. Beginning in 1988-89, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919-20 through 1955-56; Statistics of State School Systems, 1957-58 through 1969-70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970-71 through 1986-87; and Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1987-88 through 2020-21. (This table was prepared August 2023.)

Table 236.55.Total and current expenditures per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected school years, 1919-20 through 2020-21

School year

Expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance

Expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment¹

Unadjusted dollars²

Constant 2022-23 dollars³

Unadjusted dollars²

Constant 2022-23 dollars³

Total expenditure⁴

Current expenditure

Total expenditure⁴

Current expenditure

Total expenditure⁴

Current expenditure

Total expenditure⁴

Current expenditure

Annual percent change in current expenditure

1919-20

$64

$53

$1,006

$838

$48

$40

$753

$628

---

1929-30

108

1,899

1,518

1,573

1,257

---

1931-32

2,014

1,685

1,705

1,427

---

1933-34

1,725

1,527

1,466

1,298

---

1935-36

1,918

1,620

1,622

1,370

---

1937-38

100

2,086

1,755

1,790

1,506

---

1939-40

106

2,267

1,889

1,965

1,637

---

1941-42

110

2,115

1,890

1,811

1,618

---

1943-44

125

117

2,144

2,012

105

1,807

1,695

---

1945-46

146

136

2,396

2,241

124

116

2,041

1,909

---

1947-48

205

181

2,635

2,334

179

158

2,301

2,038

---

1949-50

260

210

3,295

2,662

231

187

2,924

2,362

---

1951-52

314

246

3,586

2,805

275

215

3,140

2,456

---

1953-54

351

265

3,911

2,951

312

236

3,478

2,624

---

1955-56

387

294

4,315

3,280

354

269

3,944

2,998

---

1957-58

447

341

4,695

3,580

408

311

4,282

3,265

---

1959-60

471

375

4,804

3,826

440

350

4,488

3,574

---

1961-62

517

419

5,156

4,178

485

393

4,838

3,920

---

1963-64

559

460

5,429

4,473

520

428

5,053

4,163

---

1965-66

654

538

6,141

5,050

607

499

5,701

4,689

---

1967-68

786

658

6,931

5,801

732

612

6,447

5,396

---

1969-70

955

816

7,576

6,474

879

751

6,975

5,960

---

1970-71

1,049

911

7,917

6,873

970

842

7,319

6,354

6.6

1971-72

1,128

990

8,214

7,208

1,034

908

7,533

6,610

4.0

1972-73

1,211

1,077

8,475

7,539

1,117

993

7,817

6,954

5.2

1973-74

1,364

1,207

8,767

7,759

1,244

1,101

7,994

7,075

1.7

1974-75

1,545

1,365

8,938

7,896

1,423

1,257

8,235

7,274

2.8

1975-76

1,697

1,504

9,172

8,125

1,563

1,385

8,445

7,482

2.9

1976-77

1,816

1,638

9,274

8,361

1,674

1,509

8,546

7,705

3.0

1977-78

2,002

1,823

9,581

8,722

1,842

1,677

8,812

8,022

4.1

1978-79

2,210

2,020

9,668

8,839

2,029

1,855

8,879

8,118

1.2

1979-80

2,491

2,272

9,615

8,770

2,290

2,088

8,839

8,062

-0.7

1980-81

2,742

⁵

2,502

9,487

⁵

8,655

2,529

⁵

2,307

8,751

⁵

7,983

-1.0

1981-82

2,973

⁵

2,726

9,469

⁵

8,680

2,754

⁵

2,525

8,771

⁵

8,041

0.7

1982-83

3,203

⁵

2,955

9,781

⁵

9,023

2,966

⁵

2,736

9,057

⁵

8,355

3.9

1983-84

3,471

⁵

3,173

10,221

⁵

9,343

3,216

⁵

2,940

9,468

⁵

8,656

3.6

1984-85

3,722

⁵

3,470

10,546

⁵

9,833

3,456

⁵

3,222

9,792

⁵

9,130

5.5

1985-86

4,020

⁵

3,756

11,071

⁵

10,343

3,724

⁵

3,479

10,257

⁵

9,582

5.0

1986-87

4,308

⁵

3,970

11,607

⁵

10,697

3,995

⁵

3,682

10,763

⁵

9,920

3.5

1987-88

4,654

⁵

4,240

12,040

⁵

10,969

4,310

⁵

3,927

11,150

⁵

10,158

2.4

1988-89

5,108

4,645

12,631

11,485

4,737

4,307

11,713

10,651

4.8

1989-90

5,547

4,980

13,092

11,753

5,172

4,643

12,206

10,958

2.9

1990-91

5,882

5,258

13,163

11,766

5,484

4,902

12,272

10,970

0.1

1991-92

6,072

5,421

13,166

11,755

5,626

5,023

12,200

10,892

-0.7

1992-93

6,279

5,584

13,204

11,741

5,802

5,160

12,201

10,849

-0.4

1993-94

6,489

5,767

13,300

11,821

5,994

5,327

12,285

10,918

0.6

1994-95

6,723

5,989

13,395

11,933

6,206

5,529

12,366

11,016

0.9

1995-96

6,959

6,147

13,499

11,923

6,441

5,689

12,494

11,035

0.2

1996-97

7,297

6,393

13,762

12,056

6,761

5,923

12,751

11,171

1.2

1997-98

7,701

6,676

14,268

12,369

7,139

6,189

13,228

11,468

2.7

1998-99

8,115

7,013

14,781

12,773

7,531

6,508

13,716

11,853

3.4

1999-2000

8,589

7,394

15,204

13,088

8,030

6,912

14,215

12,236

3.2

2000-01

9,180

7,904

15,712

13,528

8,572

7,380

14,671

12,631

3.2

2001-02

9,611

8,259

16,164

13,890

8,993

7,727

15,124

12,996

2.9

2002-03

9,950

8,610

16,374

14,169

9,296

8,044

15,298

13,238

1.9

2003-04

10,308

8,900

16,600

14,332

9,625

8,310

15,500

13,383

1.1

2004-05

10,779

9,316

16,851

14,564

10,078

8,711

15,756

13,618

1.8

2005-06

11,338

9,778

17,075

14,726

10,603

9,145

15,969

13,772

1.1

2006-07

12,015

10,336

17,639

15,173

11,252

9,679

16,518

14,209

3.2

2007-08

12,759

10,982

18,062

15,546

11,965

10,298

16,937

14,578

2.6

2008-09

13,033

11,239

18,195

15,690

12,222

10,540

17,064

14,714

0.9

2009-10

13,035

11,427

18,024

15,800

12,133

10,636

16,777

14,707

-0.1

2010-11

12,926

11,433

17,521

15,498

12,054

10,663

16,340

14,453

-1.7

2011-12

12,796

11,362

16,851

14,963

11,991

10,648

15,792

14,022

-3.0

2012-13

12,859

11,509

16,657

14,909

12,033

10,771

15,588

13,952

-0.5

2013-14

13,174

11,819

16,803

15,075

12,335

11,066

15,732

14,114

1.2

2014-15

13,668

12,224

17,306

15,479

12,796

11,445

16,202

14,491

2.7

2015-16

14,171

12,619

17,823

15,871

13,299

11,842

16,727

14,894

2.8

2016-17

14,777

13,096

18,250

16,174

13,834

12,260

17,085

15,142

1.7

2017-18

15,377

13,545

18,572

16,360

14,359

12,649

17,342

15,277

0.9

2018-19

16,146

14,165

19,105

16,761

15,036

⁶

13,189

⁶

17,791

⁶

15,606

⁶

2.2

2019-20⁷

16,591

14,427

19,329

16,808

15,524

⁶

13,496

⁶

18,086

⁶

15,723

⁶

0.8

2020-21⁷

17,561

15,362

19,999

17,495

16,345

⁶

14,295

⁶

18,614

⁶

16,280

⁶

3.5

---Not available.

¹Enrollment data for 1919-20 to 1953-54 are based on school-year enrollment.

²Unadjusted (or "current") dollars have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation.

³Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

⁴Excludes "Other current expenditures," such as community services, private school programs, adult education, and other programs not allocable to expenditures per pupil at public schools.

⁵Estimated.

⁶Excludes prekindergarten expenditures and prekindergarten enrollment for California.

⁷Includes expenditures paid from funds authorized by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act of 2020, the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act of 2021, and the American Rescue Plan (ARP) of 2021.

NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Beginning in 1980-81, state administration expenditures are excluded from both "total" and "current" expenditures. Current expenditures include instruction, support services, food services, and enterprise operations. Total expenditures include current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest on debt. Beginning in 1988-89, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919-20 through 1955-56; Statistics of State School Systems, 1957-58 through 1969-70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970-71 through 1986-87; and Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1987-88 through 2020-21. (This table was prepared August 2023.)