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Digest of Education Statistics
2023 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest

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Table 236.60.Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by function and subfunction: Selected school years, 1990-91 through 2020-21
Function and subfunctionExpenditures per pupil in unadjusted dollars1Expenditures per pupil in constant 2022-23 dollars2
1990-912000-012009-102010-112016-172017-182018-192019-203,42020-213,41990-912000-012009-102010-112016-172017-182018-192019-203,42020-213,4
12345678910111213141516171819
     Total expenditures5$5,484$8,572$12,133$12,054$13,834$14,359$15,036$15,524$16,345$12,272$14,671$16,777$16,340$17,085$17,342$17,791$18,086$18,614
Current expenditures for public 
   schools
4,902

7,380
10,636
10,663
12,260
12,649
13,189
13,496
14,295
10,970

12,631
14,707
14,453
15,142
15,277
15,606
15,723
16,280
  Salaries3,22064,7526,3666,3006,9277,0487,2947,5487,9087,20768,1338,8028,5398,5558,5128,6318,7949,006
  Employee benefits82461,2282,1992,2602,8793,0173,1913,2873,4481,84462,1023,0403,0633,5563,6443,7763,8303,927
  Purchased services39766731,0531,0821,3261,4141,4891,4841,56588961,1521,4571,4661,6381,7081,7621,7291,782
  Tuition296529610112117017817818265689133137150206211207207
  Supplies35965998188178868969258841,07380461,0251,1311,1081,0951,0821,0941,0301,222
  Other726761041031201031111141191616130144140148125132133136
  Instruction2,9654,5416,5116,5227,4457,6717,9708,1638,6806,6367,7729,0038,8419,1959,2659,4309,5119,885
    Salaries2,2023,2734,3474,3074,6874,7524,9005,0535,3004,9275,6036,0105,8385,7895,7395,7985,8866,036
    Employee benefits5428371,4811,5221,9472,0342,1492,2042,3091,2131,4332,0472,0632,4052,4572,5432,5682,630
    Purchased services66136281297366388404402435148233388403452469478468496
    Tuition2952961011211701781781826589133137150206211207207
    Supplies111220277266295297308302426249376384360364359365352485
      Textbooks------52475255495155------71646466585963
    Other152229302829302627343740403535353031
  Student support72173665915947127518098519274856278178058809079579911,055
    Salaries159262393392447466498528569356448544531552562589615648
    Employee benefits406412813218119521222624590110178179223235251263279
    Purchased services112850526773807885254870718388949196
    Supplies5911111313141524101515141616171728
    Other13774555436101056654
  Instructional staff support8205337509503578604637681727460578704682713730753793828
    Salaries135207301293331336350375394302355416397409406414437449
    Employee benefits3450981001261321421501587685136135155160168174180
    Purchased services154269707993991071063473959497112117125121
    Supplies193337373838414362425752504746495071
    Other245445566586656677
  General administration141151211212242234247263279314258292288299283292306317
    Salaries6371908910099105108113141122125121124120124126128
    Employee benefits192137384445474951423650515554555758
    Purchased services3644646576697483898076888994848797102
    Supplies445556678977677789
    Other181016161615161618411622212018181820
  School administration284415579580685721750771818635710800786845871887898932
    Salaries217314413408466486503518549485537570553575586595603625
    Employee benefits5578136141183198211216227123134188191226240249252259
    Purchased services61319192324232427132226262829272831
    Supplies5899101010911101312121212121113
    Other223344444334444445
  Operation and maintenance5177211,0141,0151,1401,1741,2161,2241,3311,1561,2341,4021,3761,4081,4181,4391,4261,515
    Salaries215285364356382376388399418480488503483472454459465476
    Employee benefits6480143146174174181186198143137197197215210214217225
    Purchased services139204265270337369386386415311350367366417446457449473
    Supplies91146233235239247253243286204249322319295299299283326
    Other86998891014181013121010101215
  Student transportation211298442452502524553518501471510612613620633654604570
    Salaries80115155152169173180180174178196214206208209213210198
    Employee benefits223462637580838383485885869397989794
    Purchased services81122182185214222238214205182209252251264269281249234
    Supplies232540483943473634524255654852554238
    Other5344556551155566766
  Other support services9136242348349455463490526580303415482473562560580612660
    Salaries70117165165196205212222239157200229223242248251259272
    Employee benefits2434646785939810211053588890105112116119125
    Purchased services1959797810811612413214743101110106133141146153168
    Supplies71317182626293350162324243332343957
    Other151923214022273633333331294927324238
  Food services205293405412477481494477435458501560559589581584555495
    Salaries---105131131143148152157146---180182178176179180182166
    Employee benefits---2949506064666865---5068687577787974
    Purchased services---2039425355585651---3354566566696558
    Supplies---136181184215209212191166---233251250265252250223189
    Other---35566657---57787768
  Enterprise operations10231625222525242219512835303030282622
    Salaries---37777777---59999987
    Employee benefits---12233333---13333343
    Purchased services---45344443---77555444
    Supplies---57676655---910888766
    Other---44444432---76655532
Capital outlay114779761,1481,0291,2101,3261,4431,6041,6091,0671,6711,5871,3951,4951,6021,7071,8691,833
Interest on school debt105215349363363384404424440235369483492448464478494501
---Not available.
1Unadjusted (or "current") dollars have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation.
2Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.
3Includes expenditures paid from funds authorized by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act of 2020, the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act of 2021, and the American Rescue Plan (ARP) of 2021.
4Excludes prekindergarten expenditures and prekindergarten enrollment for California.
5Excludes "Other current expenditures," such as community services, private school programs, adult education, and other programs not allocable to expenditures per pupil in public schools.
6Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations.
7Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services.
8Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.
9Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.
10Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time).
11Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2020-21. (This table was prepared August 2023.)

2023 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest

Previous Page Download Excel Excel format (22KB)


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