The infectious complications of anabolic-androgenic steroid injection

Int J Sports Med. 1999 Nov;20(8):563-6. doi: 10.1055/s-1999-8841.

Abstract

One million individuals in the United States alone are estimated to be current or past users of anabolic-androgenic steroids. In the United States fifty-percent of anabolic-androgenic steroid users administer their compounds intramuscularly, and twenty-five percent of adolescent anabolic-androgenic steroid users share needles, placing these young adults at risk for infections related to injection. To examine the medical literature for reports of infections attributable to anabolic-androgenic steroids, we conducted a MEDLINE (1966-1998) and AIDSLINE (1980-1998) world literature review to examine all references that attributed infections to anabolic-androgenic steroid injection. Infections associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid injection include three cases of HIV, one case of hepatitis B, one case of hepatitis C, eight abscesses, and a case of fungal endophthalmitis. No cross-sectional or prospective studies exist that document the risk of infections related to anabolic-androgenic steroid injection. These serious infectious complications of anabolic-androgenic steroid injection may be avoided with education and prevention techniques. Infections occurring in anabolic-androgenic steroid users are not as common as in intravenous drug users.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anabolic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Doping in Sports*
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infections / epidemiology*
  • Infections / etiology*
  • Injections, Intramuscular / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Needle Sharing / adverse effects
  • Risk Factors
  • United States / epidemiology

Substances

  • Anabolic Agents