Cholera vaccines

Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Aug;31(2):561-5. doi: 10.1086/313951. Epub 2000 Sep 7.

Abstract

Cholera causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. For travelers, the risk of developing cholera per month of stay in a developing country is approximately 0.001%-0.01%, and cholera may present as traveler's diarrhea. In the United States, only a poorly tolerated, marginally effective, parenterally administered, phenol-inactivated vaccine is available. Outside the United States, 2 additional vaccines are commercially available: an oral killed whole cell-cholera toxin recombinant B subunit vaccine (WC-rBS) and an oral live attenuated Vibrio cholerae vaccine (CVD 103-HgR). These oral vaccines are well tolerated. In field trials, WC-rBS provides 80%-85% protection from cholera caused by V. cholerae serogroup O1 for at least 6 months. In volunteer studies, CVD 103-HgR provides 62%-100% protection against cholera caused by V. cholerae for at least 6 months. No commercially available cholera vaccine protects against disease caused by V. cholerae serogroup O139. New cholera vaccines are being developed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cholera / prevention & control*
  • Cholera Toxin / genetics
  • Cholera Toxin / immunology
  • Cholera Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • Cholera Vaccines* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunization Schedule
  • Travel*
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
  • Vaccines, Subunit / immunology
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Vibrio cholerae / immunology*

Substances

  • Cholera Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Attenuated
  • Vaccines, Subunit
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Cholera Toxin