Abstract
We describe a two-hybrid strategy for detection of interactions with transactivator proteins. This repressed transactivator (RTA) system employs the N-terminal repression domain of the yeast general repressor TUP1. TUP1-GAL80 fusion proteins, when coexpressed with GAL4, are shown to inhibit transcription of GAL4-dependent reporter genes. This effect requires the C-terminal 30 residues of GAL4, which are required for interaction with GAL80 in vitro. Furthermore, repression of GAL transcription by TUP1-GAL80 requires SRB10, demonstrating that the TUP1 repression domain, in the context of a two-hybrid interaction, functions by the same mechanism as endogenous TUP1. Using this strategy, we demonstrate interactions between the mammalian basic helix-loop-helix proteins MyoD and E12, and between c-Myc and Bin-1. We have also identified interacting clones from a TUP1-cDNA fusion expression library by using GAL4-VP16 as a bait fusion. These results demonstrate that RTA is generally applicable for identifying and characterizing interactions with transactivator proteins in vivo.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Autophagy-Related Proteins
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Binding Sites
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Carrier Proteins / genetics
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Carrier Proteins / metabolism
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Co-Repressor Proteins
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / genetics
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Drosophila Proteins*
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Fungal Proteins / genetics
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Fungal Proteins / metabolism*
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Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
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Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs
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Histone Deacetylases
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Humans
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Insect Proteins / genetics
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Insect Proteins / metabolism
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Mice
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MyoD Protein / genetics
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MyoD Protein / metabolism
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Nuclear Proteins*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / metabolism
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RNA-Binding Proteins
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Repressor Proteins / genetics
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Repressor Proteins / metabolism*
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
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TCF Transcription Factors
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Trans-Activators / genetics
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Trans-Activators / metabolism
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Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / metabolism
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Transcription, Genetic
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Two-Hybrid System Techniques
Substances
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ATG16 protein, S cerevisiae
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Autophagy-Related Proteins
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Carrier Proteins
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Co-Repressor Proteins
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Drosophila Proteins
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Fungal Proteins
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GAL4 protein, S cerevisiae
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GAL80 protein, S cerevisiae
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Insect Proteins
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MyoD Protein
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Nuclear Proteins
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
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RNA-Binding Proteins
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Repressor Proteins
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SAP18 protein, human
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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Sap18 protein, mouse
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TCF Transcription Factors
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TCF7L1 protein, human
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TUP1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Tcf7l1 protein, mouse
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Trans-Activators
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Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein
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Transcription Factors
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
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SSN3 protein, S cerevisiae
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Histone Deacetylases