Abstract
The relationship between monocyte immune responses and cognitive impairment during progressive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was investigated in 28 subjects receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. The mean+/-SEM CD4(+) T lymphocyte count and virus load for all patients were 237+/-41 cells/mm(3) and 77,091+/-195,372 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, respectively. Levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha type II receptor (sTNF-RII) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) were measured in plasma by ELISA and were correlated with results from neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy tests. Plasma sCD14 and sTNF-RII levels were elevated in subjects with cognitive impairment and in those with brain atrophy. Furthermore, both factors were correlated with spectroscopic choline:creatine ratios. These findings support the idea that peripheral immune responses are linked to cognitive dysfunction during advanced HIV-1 disease.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Antigens, CD / blood*
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Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
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Atrophy
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Biomarkers / blood
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Black People
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Black or African American
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Brain / pathology
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Cognition Disorders / etiology*
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Female
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HIV Infections / drug therapy
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HIV Infections / immunology*
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HIV Infections / psychology*
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HIV-1 / genetics
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HIV-1 / isolation & purification*
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Humans
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Lernen
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Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / blood*
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Memory
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Middle Aged
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Nebraska
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Neuropsychological Tests
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Psychomotor Performance
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RNA, Viral / blood
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / blood*
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II
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Regression Analysis
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / analysis
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White People
Substances
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Antigens, CD
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Biomarkers
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Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
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RNA, Viral
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha