Abstract
We report here that the mere fact of changing culture medium for fresh medium induced in several cell lines the expression of stress-activated genes including protein kinases p38, JNK and ERK1/2 and the transcription factor C/EBPbeta. As a consequence, p8, a gene induced by stress in several tissues, was strongly up-regulated. Induction did not occur after change for cell-conditioned medium. Induction was however transient, with a peak at 60 min for p38, at 15-30 min for JNK and at 15 min for ERK1/2, at 2-3 hours for C/EBPbeta and at 4-6 hours for p8. Repression of the induction was due to the secretion of thermolabile molecule(s) that progressively conditioned the medium. As low as 25% of conditioned medium added to fresh culture medium was sufficient to abolish the stress response. Taken together, our data indicate that the renewal of culture medium induces a transient cellular stress that may be a source of artifacts in experiments performed shortly after a change of culture medium.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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3T3 Cells
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Animals
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
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Culture Media, Conditioned / chemistry
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Culture Media, Conditioned / pharmacology*
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics*
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Gene Expression / drug effects*
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Gene Expression / physiology
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Growth Substances / genetics*
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HT29 Cells
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HeLa Cells
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Humans
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases*
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MAP Kinase Kinase 4
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Mice
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / metabolism
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / metabolism
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Neoplasm Proteins*
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RNA, Messenger / analysis
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Transcription Factors / metabolism
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Substances
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
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C-EPB transcription factor
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
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Culture Media, Conditioned
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Growth Substances
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NUPR1 protein, human
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Neoplasm Proteins
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Nupr1 protein, mouse
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RNA, Messenger
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Transcription Factors
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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MAP Kinase Kinase 4
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases