Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta: a novel regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and development

Circ Res. 2002 May 31;90(10):1055-63. doi: 10.1161/01.res.0000018952.70505.f1.

Abstract

Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) is a ubiquitously expressed constitutively active serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates cellular substrates and thereby regulates a wide variety of cellular functions, including development, metabolism, gene transcription, protein translation, cytoskeletal organization, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. The activity of GSK-3beta is negatively regulated by protein kinase B/Akt and by the Wnt signaling pathway. Increasing lines of evidence show that GSK-3beta is an essential negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and that the inhibition of GSK-3beta by hypertrophic stimuli is an important mechanism contributing to the development of cardiac hypertrophy. GSK-3beta also plays an important role in regulating cardiac development. In this review, the role of GSK-3beta in cardiac hypertrophy and development and the potential underlying mechanisms are discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / physiology*
  • Cardiomegaly / enzymology*
  • Cardiomegaly / etiology
  • Cell Cycle
  • Cytoskeleton / ultrastructure
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinases
  • Heart / embryology*
  • Heart / growth & development
  • Models, Biological
  • Myocardium / enzymology*
  • Protein Biosynthesis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Wnt Proteins
  • Zebrafish Proteins*

Substances

  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Wnt Proteins
  • Zebrafish Proteins
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinases
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3