T-cell epitopes within the complementarity-determining and framework regions of the tumor-derived immunoglobulin heavy chain in multiple myeloma

Blood. 2003 Jun 15;101(12):4930-6. doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-04-1250. Epub 2003 Feb 6.

Abstract

The idiotypic structure of the monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) in multiple myeloma (MM) might be regarded as a tumor-specific antigen. The present study was designed to identify T-cell epitopes of the variable region of the Ig heavy chain (VH) in MM (n = 5) using bioinformatics and analyze the presence of naturally occurring T cells against idiotype-derived peptides. A large number of human-leukocyte-antigen (HLA)-binding (class I and II) peptides were identified. The frequency of predicted epitopes depended on the database used: 245 in bioinformatics and molecular analysis section (BIMAS) and 601 in SYFPEITHI. Most of the peptides displayed a binding half-life or score in the low or intermediate affinity range. The majority of the predicted peptides were complementarity-determining region (CDR)-rather than framework region (FR)-derived (52%-60% vs 40%-48%, respectively). Most of the predicted peptides were confined to the CDR2-FR3-CDR3 "geographic" region of the Ig-VH region (70%), and significantly fewer peptides were found within the flanking (FR1-CDR1-FR2 and FR4) regions (P <.01). There were 8- to 10-amino acid (aa) long peptides corresponding to the CDRs and fitting to the actual HLA-A/B haplotypes that spontaneously recognized, albeit with a low magnitude, type I T cells (interferon gamma), indicating an ongoing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted T-cell response. Most of those peptides had a low binding half-life (BIMAS) and a low/intermediate score (SYFPEITHI). Furthermore, 15- to 20-aa long CDR1-3-derived peptides also spontaneously recognized type I T cells, indicating the presence of MHC class II-restricted T cells as well. This study demonstrates that a large number of HLA-binding idiotypic peptides can be identified in patients with MM. Such peptides may spontaneously induce a type I MHC class I- as well as class II-restricted memory T-cell response.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Epitopes / analysis*
  • Epitopes / chemistry
  • HLA-A Antigens / immunology
  • HLA-B Antigens / immunology
  • HLA-C Antigens / immunology
  • HLA-DR Antigens / immunology
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / chemistry
  • Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / immunology*
  • Immunoglobulin Variable Region / chemistry
  • Immunoglobulin Variable Region / immunology
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / immunology*
  • Peptides / analysis
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Peptides / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*

Substances

  • Epitopes
  • HLA-A Antigens
  • HLA-B Antigens
  • HLA-C Antigens
  • HLA-DR Antigens
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains
  • Immunoglobulin Variable Region
  • Peptides
  • Interferon-gamma