Abstract
Sixteen months after a cord blood stem cell transplantation, a 6-year-old girl was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-PTLD). A CT scan revealed nodules in both lungs, but the patient had neither lymphadenopathy nor other lesions. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic evaluation and the increased level of EBV DNA in the peripheral blood. The patient was successfully treated with rituximab, and a complete regression of the tumors was achieved. This case reveals the need to include EBV-PTLD in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, as well as demonstrating that rituximab may be effective treatment of EBV-PTLD after cord blood stem cell transplantation.
MeSH terms
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Blast Crisis
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Child
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Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
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DNA, Viral / blood
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DNA, Viral / genetics
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Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / drug therapy
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Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / transmission*
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Female
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Fetal Blood / cytology
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Herpesvirus 4, Human / genetics
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Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification*
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Humans
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Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Lung Neoplasms / virology*
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Lymphoproliferative Disorders / diagnosis
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Lymphoproliferative Disorders / drug therapy
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Lymphoproliferative Disorders / virology*
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Rituximab
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Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / diagnosis
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Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / drug therapy
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Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / virology*
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
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Antineoplastic Agents
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DNA, Viral
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Rituximab