Abstract
Promoter methylation-mediated silencing is a hallmark of many established tumor suppressor genes. This review focuses on the methylation and suppression of a receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase gene, PTPRO, in a variety of solid and liquid tumors. In addition, PTPRO exhibits many other characteristics of a bona fide tumor suppressor. Reactivation of genes silenced by methylation using inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases, and the potential application of PTPRO as a molecular target for cancer therapy have been discussed.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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DNA Methylation
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Epigenesis, Genetic*
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Gene Silencing
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Genes, Tumor Suppressor*
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Genetic Therapy*
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Humans
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Leukemia / enzymology
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Neoplasms / enzymology
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Neoplasms / genetics
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Neoplasms / therapy*
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Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / genetics
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / physiology*
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Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2
Substances
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PTPRU protein, human
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
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Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2