The tramadol metabolite, O-desmethyl tramadol, inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2C receptors expressed in Xenopus Oocytes

Pharmacology. 2006;77(2):93-9. doi: 10.1159/000093179. Epub 2006 May 5.

Abstract

Purpose: Tramadol is widely used clinically as an analgesic, yet the mechanism by which it produces antinociception remains unclear. O-Desmethyl tramadol, the main metabolite of tramadol, is a more potent analgesic than tramadol. We reported previously that tramadol inhibits the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) type 2C receptor (5-HT(2C)R), a G-protein-coupled receptor that is expressed widely within brain and that mediates several effects of 5-HT, including nociception, feeding, and locomotion. The effects of O-desmethyl tramadol on 5-HT(2C)R have not been studied. In this study, we investigated the effect of O-desmethyl tramadol on 5-HT(2C)R expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

Methods: We examined the effect of O-desmethyl tramadol on 5-HT(2C)R using the Xenopus oocyte expression system. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of O-desmethyl tramadol on the binding of [(3)H]5-HT by 5-HT(2C)R.

Results: O-Desmethyl tramadol, at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, inhibited 5-HT-evoked Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) currents in oocytes that expressed 5-HT(2C)R. The inhibitory effect of O-desmethyl tramadol on 5-HT(2C)R was overcome at higher concentrations of 5-HT. Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF109203X), a protein kinase C inhibitor, increased 5-HT-evoked currents but had little effect on the inhibition of 5-HT-evoked currents by O-desmethyl tramadol. O-Desmethyl tramadol inhibited the specific binding of [(3)H]5-HT by 5-HT(2C)R expressed in oocytes. O-Desmethyl tramadol altered the apparent dissociation constant for binding of [(3)H]5-HT by 5-HT(2C)R without changing maximum binding, which indicated competitive inhibition.

Conclusion: These results suggest that O-desmethyl tramadol inhibits 5-HT(2C)R, which provides further insight into the pharmacological properties of tramadol and O-desmethyl tramadol.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Indoles / pharmacology
  • Maleimides / pharmacology
  • Oocytes / drug effects
  • Oocytes / physiology
  • Protein Kinase C / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C / drug effects*
  • Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C / physiology
  • Serotonin / pharmacology
  • Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists
  • Tramadol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tramadol / metabolism
  • Tramadol / pharmacology
  • Xenopus laevis

Substances

  • Indoles
  • Maleimides
  • Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C
  • Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists
  • O-demethyltramadol
  • Serotonin
  • Tramadol
  • Protein Kinase C
  • bisindolylmaleimide I