Crystallization of protein-ligand complexes

Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2007 Jan;63(Pt 1):72-9. doi: 10.1107/S0907444906047020. Epub 2006 Dec 13.

Abstract

Obtaining diffraction-quality crystals has long been a bottleneck in solving the three-dimensional structures of proteins. Often proteins may be stabilized when they are complexed with a substrate, nucleic acid, cofactor or small molecule. These ligands, on the other hand, have the potential to induce significant conformational changes to the protein and ab initio screening may be required to find a new crystal form. This paper presents an overview of strategies in the following areas for obtaining crystals of protein-ligand complexes: (i) co-expression of the protein with the ligands of interest, (ii) use of the ligands during protein purification, (iii) cocrystallization and (iv) soaks.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Carrier Proteins / chemistry
  • Crystallization*
  • Crystallography, X-Ray / methods*
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Liposomes / chemistry
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Mutation
  • Proteins / chemistry*
  • Receptors, Androgen / chemistry
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid / chemistry
  • Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / chemistry
  • Temperature

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Ligands
  • Liposomes
  • Proteins
  • Receptors, Androgen
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid
  • Receptors, Mineralocorticoid