The authors report a case of pulmonary MALT lymphoma in an asymptomatic patient with a chest radiograph showing bilateral infiltrates. The diagnosis was made by surgical lung biopsy performed by video-assisted thoracoscopy. The transbronchial lung and the transthoracic core-needle biopsies were non-diagnostic. The clinical and radiological features of the pulmonary MALT lymphoma are described and relevant diagnostic, prognostic and treatment factors are discussed.