Radiation and chemotherapy combination for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children: Radiotherapy dose adaptation after chemotherapy response to minimize late effects

Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2008 Apr;50(4):849-53. doi: 10.1002/pbc.21372.

Abstract

Objectives: To retrospectively report the clinical and therapeutic features of children with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated by chemotherapy and doses adapted of radiotherapy.

Patients and methods: From 1978 to 2005, 34 children were treated for NPC. All histologic and/or cytologic samples and CT scans were reviewed. Cervical nodal irradiation was reduced (<50 Gy) in the case of a good response to chemotherapy (>/=90% of initial tumor volume).

Results: Thirty-two children had metastatic cervical nodes and one child had systemic metastases at diagnosis. All children had AJJC-TNM Stage IV. Thirty-one children received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with various regimens. The overall chemotherapy response rate was 78%. Fifteen patients had cervical nodal irradiation dose reduced: Median 47 Gy (range: 45-50). Nasopharyngeal radiotherapy was delivered at a dose of 59.4 Gy (range: 45-66). Local and distant failure rates were 10% and 18%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival was 73 +/- 8% and the event-free survival (EFS) was 75 +/- 8%.

Conclusions: The overall prognosis was not influenced by TNM status, dose of local radiotherapy delivered or response to initial chemotherapy, but EFS was better in patients with a good response to chemotherapy. The cervical local failure rate was low despite radiotherapy dose reduction in the case of a good response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We also propose a reduction of nasopharyngeal radiation (</=50 Gy) in the case of good response to initial chemotherapy.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma / therapy*
  • Child
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology
  • Male
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • Radiotherapy / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome