Abstract
Live pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine is recommended in the United States for routine immunization of infants. We describe three infants, two with failure to thrive, who had dehydration and diarrhea within 1 month after their first or second rotavirus immunization and subsequently received a diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency. Rotavirus was detected, by means of reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay, in stool specimens obtained from all three infants, and gene-sequence analysis revealed the presence of vaccine rotavirus. These infections raise concerns regarding the safety of rotavirus vaccine in severely immunocompromised patients.
2010 Massachusetts Medical Society
Publication types
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Case Reports
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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DNA, Viral / analysis
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Dehydration / etiology
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Diarrhea, Infantile / etiology
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Failure to Thrive / etiology
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Feces / virology
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Infant, Newborn
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Male
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RNA, Viral / analysis
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Rotavirus / genetics
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Rotavirus / isolation & purification*
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Rotavirus Infections / etiology*
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Rotavirus Infections / virology
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Rotavirus Vaccines / adverse effects*
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Sequence Alignment
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Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / complications*
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Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / therapy
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Stem Cell Transplantation
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Virus Shedding
Substances
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DNA, Viral
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RNA, Viral
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Rotavirus Vaccines