14-3-3 adaptor proteins recruit AID to 5'-AGCT-3'-rich switch regions for class switch recombination

Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Sep;17(9):1124-35. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1884. Epub 2010 Aug 22.

Abstract

Class switch DNA recombination (CSR) is the mechanism that diversifies the biological effector functions of antibodies. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a key protein in CSR, targets immunoglobulin H (IgH) switch regions, which contain 5'-AGCT-3' repeats in their core. How AID is recruited to switch regions remains unclear. Here we show that 14-3-3 adaptor proteins have an important role in CSR. 14-3-3 proteins specifically bound 5'-AGCT-3' repeats, were upregulated in B cells undergoing CSR and were recruited with AID to the switch regions that are involved in CSR events (Smu-->Sgamma1, Smu-->Sgamma3 or Smu-->Salpha). Moreover, blocking 14-3-3 by difopein, 14-3-3gamma deficiency or expression of a dominant-negative 14-3-3sigma mutant impaired recruitment of AID to switch regions and decreased CSR. Finally, 14-3-3 proteins interacted directly with AID and enhanced AID-mediated in vitro DNA deamination, further emphasizing the important role of these adaptors in CSR.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 14-3-3 Proteins / deficiency
  • 14-3-3 Proteins / immunology
  • 14-3-3 Proteins / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • B-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Line
  • Cytidine Deaminase / immunology
  • Cytidine Deaminase / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Switch Region*
  • Mice
  • Protein Binding
  • Recombination, Genetic*

Substances

  • 14-3-3 Proteins
  • AICDA (activation-induced cytidine deaminase)
  • Cytidine Deaminase