Tissue vitamin A insufficiency results in adverse ventricular remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction

Cell Physiol Biochem. 2010;26(4-5):523-30. doi: 10.1159/000322320. Epub 2010 Oct 29.

Abstract

Background/aims: The role of tissue vitamin-A insufficiency on post-infarction ventricular remodeling is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that cardiac vitamin A insufficiency on post-infarction is associated with adverse myocardial remodeling.

Methods: After infarction, rats were allocated into two groups: C (controls, n=25); VA (dietary vitamin A restriction, n= 26). After 3 months, the animals were submitted to echocardiogram, morphometric and biochemical analysis.

Results: Rats fed the vitamin-A-deficient diet had lower heart and liver retinol concentration and normal plasma retinol. There were no differences in infarct size between the groups. VA showed higher diastolic left ventricular area normalised by body weight (C= 1.81 ± 0.4 cm2/kg, VA= 2.15 ± 0.3 cm2/kg; p=0.03), left ventricular diameter (C= 9.4 ± 1.4 mm, VA= 10.5 ± 1.2 mm; p=0.04), but similar systolic ventricular fractional area change (C= 33.0 ± 10.0 %, VA= 32.1 ± 8.7 %; p=0.82). VA showed decreased isovolumetric relaxation time normalised by heart rate (C= 68.8 ± 11.4 ms, VA= 56.3 ± 16.8 ms; p=0.04). VA showed higher interstitial collagen fraction (C= 2.8 ± 0.9 %, VA= 3.7 ± 1.1 %; p=0.05). There were no differences in myosin heavy chain expression, metalloproteinase 2 and 9 activation, or IFN-γ and TNF-α cardiac levels.

Conclusion: Local tissue vitamin A insufficiency intensified ventricular remodeling after MI, worsening diastolic dysfunction.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnostic imaging
  • Myocardial Infarction / metabolism
  • Myocardial Infarction / pathology*
  • Myosin Heavy Chains / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Ultrasonography
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology
  • Ventricular Remodeling*
  • Vitamin A / analysis
  • Vitamin A / blood
  • Vitamin A / physiology*

Substances

  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Vitamin A
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
  • Myosin Heavy Chains