Tandem high-dose therapy in relapsed and refractory B-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective phase II trial of myeloablative chemotherapy, followed by escalated radioimmunotherapy with (131)I-anti-CD20 antibody and stem cell rescue

Ann Hematol. 2011 Nov;90(11):1307-15. doi: 10.1007/s00277-011-1199-y. Epub 2011 Mar 1.

Abstract

A phase II trial evaluated safety, feasibility and efficacy of a sequential tandem approach combining myeloablative BEAM chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) with myeloablative radioimmunotherapy (HD-RIT), with (131)I-anti-CD20 antibody ((131)I-rituximab), followed by a second ASCT in patients with relapsed or refractory CD20+ B-cell lymphoma. According to protocol, 16 patients with relapsed (n = 14) and refractory (n = 2) CD20+ B-cell lymphoma received salvage therapy with rituximab and Dexa-BEAM, followed by BEAM (HD chemotherapy) and high-dose myeloablative radioimmunotherapy 2-6 months after BEAM. Nine of 16 patients received HD-RIT; seven patients were excluded before HD-RIT because of toxicity or progressive disease. Disease histologies were follicular lymphoma (FL) grades 1 and 2 (n = 4), transformed follicular (FL 3b; n = 6), diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL; n = 4), mantle cell (n = 1) and marginal zone lymphoma (n = 1). After a median follow-up of 50.4 months for OS and 39.7 months for progression-free survival (PFS), estimated 4-year OS and PFS were 67% and 64%, respectively. The estimated 4-year OS and PFS for patients with FL were 80% and 78%, respectively. Toxicity was significant, including one fatal outcome due to pneumonitis. Tandem transplants consisting of HD chemotherapy followed by HD-RIT with (131)I-coupled anti-CD20 are manageable and effective but toxic treatment modalities for relapsed poor prognosis CD20+ B-NHL.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / therapeutic use*
  • Antigens, CD20 / immunology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
  • Carmustine
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cytarabine
  • Dexamethasone
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Etoposide
  • Humans
  • Iodine Radioisotopes / therapeutic use
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / prevention & control*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / therapy*
  • Male
  • Melphalan
  • Middle Aged
  • Myeloablative Agonists / therapeutic use
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radioimmunotherapy / methods*
  • Recurrence
  • Rituximab
  • Salvage Therapy*
  • Stem Cell Transplantation*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antigens, CD20
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Myeloablative Agonists
  • Cytarabine
  • Rituximab
  • Etoposide
  • Dexamethasone
  • Melphalan
  • Carmustine

Supplementary concepts

  • Dexa-BEAM protocol