On the collective nature of phytochrome photoactivation

Biochemistry. 2011 Dec 27;50(51):10987-9. doi: 10.1021/bi201504a. Epub 2011 Dec 1.

Abstract

The red/far-red-sensing biological photoreceptor phytochrome is a paradigmatic two-state signaling system. The two thermally stable states are interconverted via a photoreaction of the covalently bound tetrapyrrole chromophore. Applying recently developed solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, we study both the chromophore and its protein pocket in the Pr (red-absorbing) and Pfr (far-red-absorbing) states. The observations show that the phototransformation combines local chemical reactions with a mesoscopic transition of order. Both the chromophore and its binding pocket are quasi-liquid and disordered in Pr, yet quasi-solid and ordered in Pfr. Possible biochemical implications are discussed.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
  • Binding Sites
  • Biocatalysis
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / methods
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry
  • Photochemical Processes
  • Photoreceptors, Microbial
  • Photoreceptors, Plant / chemistry*
  • Phycobilins / chemistry
  • Phycocyanin / chemistry
  • Phytochrome / chemistry*
  • Phytochrome A / chemistry
  • Phytochrome B / chemistry
  • Protein Kinases / chemistry
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tetrapyrroles / chemistry

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Photoreceptors, Microbial
  • Photoreceptors, Plant
  • Phycobilins
  • Phytochrome A
  • Tetrapyrroles
  • Phycocyanin
  • Phytochrome
  • Phytochrome B
  • phycocyanobilin
  • Protein Kinases
  • Cph1 phytochrome protein, bacteria