Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is beneficial for clinical stage T2 N0 esophageal cancer patients due to inaccurate preoperative staging

Ann Thorac Surg. 2012 Feb;93(2):429-35; discussion 436-7. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.10.061.

Abstract

Background: It remains unclear if patients with clinical stage T2 N0 (cT2 N0) esophageal cancer should be offered induction therapy vs surgical intervention alone.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of cT2 N0 patients undergoing induction therapy, followed by surgical resection, or resection alone, at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from 1989 to 2009. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare all-cause mortality in cT2 N0 patients who had resection alone vs those who had induction chemoradiation therapy, followed by resection.

Results: A study cohort of 69 patients was identified and divided into two groups: 55 patients (79.7%) received induction therapy and 14 (20.3%) did not. No statistically significant difference in 5-year survival rate was observed for the two groups: 49.5% for the resection-only group and 53.8% for the induction group. More than 50% of cT2 N0 patients were understaged.

Conclusions: For cT2 N0 esophageal cancer patients, the benefit of neoadjuvant therapy is still unclear. Induction therapy for cT2 N0 did not translate into a statistically significant improvement in survival. However, due to the significant understaging of T2 N0 patients, we recommend neoadjuvant therapy to all cT2N0 patients before operation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
  • Adenocarcinoma / radiotherapy
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Diagnostic Errors*
  • Disease Progression
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Esophagectomy
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Induction Chemotherapy*
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymphatic Metastasis*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy*
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / diagnosis
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging*
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Preoperative Care
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Fluorouracil