Abstract
1. A SARS vaccine was produced based on recombinant native full-length Spike-protein trimers (triSpike) and efficient establishment of a vaccination procedure in rodents. 2. Antibody-mediated enhancement of SARS-CoV infection with anti-SARS-CoV Spike immune-serum was observed in vitro. 3. Antibody-mediated infection of SARS-CoV triggers entry into human haematopoietic cells via an FcγR-dependent and ACE2-, pH-, cysteine-protease-independent pathways. 4. The antibody-mediated enhancement phenomenon is not a mandatory component of the humoral immune response elicited by SARS vaccines, as pure neutralising antibody only could be obtained. 5. Occurrence of immune-mediated enhancement of SARS-CoV infection raises safety concerns regarding the use of SARS-CoV vaccine in humans and enables new ways to investigate SARS pathogenesis (tropism and immune response deregulation).
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
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Animals
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Antibodies, Neutralizing / metabolism*
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Antibodies, Viral / metabolism
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Antibody-Dependent Enhancement*
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cysteine Proteases / metabolism
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Humans
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Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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Membrane Glycoproteins / immunology*
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Monocytes
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Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
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Receptors, Fc / metabolism
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / immunology*
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / immunology*
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / physiology
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Vaccines
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Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology*
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Virus Internalization*
Substances
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Antibodies, Neutralizing
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Antibodies, Viral
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Receptors, Fc
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Vaccines
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Viral Envelope Proteins
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Cysteine Proteases
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Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
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ACE2 protein, human
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Ace2 protein, mouse
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2