Cellular mechanical properties reflect the differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 12;109(24):E1523-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1120349109. Epub 2012 May 21.

Abstract

The mechanical properties of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) clones correlate with their ability to produce tissue-specific metabolites, a finding that has dramatic implications for cell-based regenerative therapies. Autologous ASCs are an attractive cell source due to their immunogenicity and multipotent characteristics. However, for practical applications ASCs must first be purified from other cell types, a critical step which has proven difficult using surface-marker approaches. Alternative enrichment strategies identifying broad categories of tissue-specific cells are necessary for translational applications. One possibility developed in our lab uses single-cell mechanical properties as predictive biomarkers of ASC clonal differentiation capability. Elastic and viscoelastic properties of undifferentiated ASCs were tested via atomic force microscopy and correlated with lineage-specific metabolite production. Cell sorting simulations based on these "mechanical biomarkers" indicated they were predictive of differentiation capability and could be used to enrich for tissue-specific cells, which if implemented could dramatically improve the quality of regenerated tissues.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue / cytology*
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Humans
  • Mechanotransduction, Cellular*
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology*
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force