Neuropsychiatric symptoms and global functional impairment along the Alzheimer's continuum

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;34(2):96-111. doi: 10.1159/000342119. Epub 2012 Aug 28.

Abstract

Background/aims: Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are highly prevalent. We sought to determine whether neuropsychiatric symptoms were related to global functional impairment at baseline and over a 3-year period in older normal control (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild AD dementia subjects.

Methods: Eight hundred and twelve subjects (229 NC, 395 MCI, 188 AD) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study underwent cognitive and behavioral assessments over 3 years.

Results: Greater hallucinations, anxiety and apathy were associated with greater global functional impairment at baseline, while the presence of hallucinations and apathy at baseline was associated with greater global functional impairment over time across all subjects. The following neuropsychiatric symptoms were not significantly associated with global functioning: delusions, agitation, depression, euphoria, disinhibition, irritability, aberrant motor behaviors, sleep and appetite.

Conclusions: These results suggest that increased baseline hallucinations, apathy and anxiety are associated with current and future disease progression in AD.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease / complications
  • Alzheimer Disease / physiopathology*
  • Alzheimer Disease / psychology
  • Anxiety / etiology
  • Apathy
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / complications
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / physiopathology*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / psychology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Delusions / etiology
  • Depression / etiology
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Hallucinations / etiology
  • Humans
  • Linear Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged