Favourable outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with mefloquine treatment in combination with antiretroviral therapy in an HIV-infected patient

Int J STD AIDS. 2012 Aug;23(8):603-5. doi: 10.1258/ijsa.2012.011305.

Abstract

A 33-year-old man who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with HIV infection is reported. The patient exhibited rapid decline in neurological status after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which was attributed to the PML-immune re-constitution inflammatory syndrome. Following the administration of mefloquine in combination with ART, the patient's neurological status improved substantially. This case suggests that further investigation of the use of mefloquine might be warranted for treatment of PML in HIV-infected patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy*
  • Adult
  • Anti-HIV Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Brain / pathology
  • Brain / virology
  • Humans
  • JC Virus / drug effects
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / drug therapy*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Mefloquine / administration & dosage
  • Mefloquine / therapeutic use*
  • Neuroimaging

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Mefloquine