CKD and sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches

J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 Dec;23(12):1929-39. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012010037. Epub 2012 Oct 25.

Abstract

Multiple studies demonstrate a strong independent association between CKD and cardiovascular events including death, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. This review focuses on recent clinical studies that expand this spectrum of adverse cardiovascular events to include ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. In addition, experimental models suggest structural remodeling of the heart and electrophysiologic changes in this population. These processes may explain the increased arrhythmic risk in kidney disease and aid in identifying patients who are at higher risk for sudden cardiac death. Finally, we review here the data to support the use of pharmacologic and device-based therapies for both the primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / epidemiology
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / etiology
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / prevention & control*
  • Defibrillators, Implantable
  • Humans
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / drug therapy
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology