Evaluation of intestinal absorption of amtolmetin guacyl in rats: breast cancer resistant protein as a primary barrier of oral bioavailability

Life Sci. 2013 Feb 27;92(3):245-51. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.12.010. Epub 2013 Jan 16.

Abstract

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of efflux transporters on the intestinal absorption of amtolmetin guacyl (MED-15).

Main methods: The effects of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multiple resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibitors on intestinal absorption amount of MED-5 (tolmetin-glycine amide derivative), the metabolite formed from MED-15 in the intestinal epithelial cells were studied in the in vitro everted gut sac experiments. Moreover, the in situ single-pass intestine perfusion was adopted to clarify the role of efflux transporters in excreting MED-5 in knockout mice. The plasma concentration of MED-5 and tolmetin, the metabolite formed from MED-5 was determined in Bcrp1 knockout mice and wild-type mice.

Key findings: BCRP inhibitor Ko143 (50 μM and 100 μM) significantly increased the intestinal absorption amount in jejunum, ileum and colon (p<0.05). However, no effect was observed in the presence of P-gp inhibitor verapamil and MRP2 inhibitor MK571 in each intestinal segment. Furthermore, the plasma concentration MED-5 and tolmetin, metabolites of MED-15, increased 2-fold and 4-fold, respectively, in Bcrp1 knockout mice compared with wild-type mice after the single-pass perfusion of small intestine with MED-15.

Significance: It may be concluded that BCRP plays an important role in the intestinal efflux of MED-5 and limits the bioavailability after oral administration of MED-15.

MeSH terms

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / genetics
  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / metabolism
  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / antagonists & inhibitors
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / genetics
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / metabolism*
  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenosine / pharmacology
  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacokinetics*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology
  • Biological Availability
  • Diketopiperazines
  • Glycine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Glycine / pharmacokinetics
  • Glycine / pharmacology
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
  • Intestinal Absorption / drug effects*
  • Intestinal Absorption / genetics
  • Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism*
  • Leukotriene Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Propionates / pharmacology
  • Pyrroles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Pyrroles / pharmacology
  • Quinolines / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Tolmetin / analogs & derivatives
  • Tolmetin / pharmacology
  • Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology
  • Verapamil / pharmacology

Substances

  • 3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester
  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
  • Abcc2 protein, rat
  • Abcg2 protein, mouse
  • Abcg2 protein, rat
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Diketopiperazines
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
  • Leukotriene Antagonists
  • Propionates
  • Pyrroles
  • Quinolines
  • Vasodilator Agents
  • ST 679
  • verlukast
  • tolmetin glycinamide
  • Verapamil
  • Tolmetin
  • Adenosine
  • Glycine