Tumor necrosis factor-α blocks differentiation and enhances suppressive activity of immature myeloid cells during chronic inflammation

Immunity. 2013 Mar 21;38(3):541-54. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.02.007. Epub 2013 Mar 7.

Abstract

Elevated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are detected in pathologies characterized by chronic inflammation. Whether TNF-α plays a role in manipulating the host's immune system toward generating an immunosuppressive milieu, typical of ongoing chronic inflammation, is unclear. Here we showed that TNF-α exhibited a dual function during chronic inflammation: arresting differentiation of immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) primarily via the S100A8 and S100A9 inflammatory proteins and their corresponding receptor (RAGE) and augmenting MDSC suppressive activity. These functions led to in vivo T and NK cell dysfunction accompanied by T cell antigen receptor ζ chain downregulation. Furthermore, administration of etanercept (TNF-α antagonist) during early chronic inflammatory stages reduced MDSCs' suppressive activity and enhanced their maturation into dendritic cells and macrophages, resulting in the restoration of in vivo immune functions and recovery of ζ chain expression. Thus, TNF has a fundamental role in promoting an immunosuppressive environment generated during chronic inflammation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology
  • Calgranulin A / genetics
  • Calgranulin A / immunology
  • Calgranulin A / metabolism
  • Calgranulin B / genetics
  • Calgranulin B / immunology
  • Calgranulin B / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / immunology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chronic Disease
  • Etanercept
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Expression / immunology
  • Immunoblotting
  • Immunoglobulin G / pharmacology
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Inflammation / immunology*
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Killer Cells, Natural / immunology
  • Killer Cells, Natural / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / immunology
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Myeloid Cells / drug effects
  • Myeloid Cells / immunology*
  • Myeloid Cells / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism
  • Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / immunology*

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Calgranulin A
  • Calgranulin B
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
  • S100A9 protein, mouse
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Mok protein, mouse
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Etanercept