p14ARF induces apoptosis via an entirely caspase-3-dependent mitochondrial amplification loop

Int J Cancer. 2013 Dec 1;133(11):2551-62. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28279. Epub 2013 Aug 1.

Abstract

The p14(ARF) tumor suppressor triggers cell death or cell cycle arrest upon oncogenic stress. In MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells, expression of the tumor suppressor gene p14(ARF) fails to trigger apoptosis but induces an arrest in the G1 and, to a lesser extent, in the G2 phase in the cell division cycle. Here, inhibition of cell cycle arrest resulted in apoptosis induction in caspase-3 proficient MCF-7 cells upon expression of p14(ARF) . This occurred in the absence of S-phase progression or mitotic entry. In contrast, syngeneic, caspase-3-deficient MCF-7 cells remained entirely resistant to p14(ARF) -induced apoptosis. Thus, cell cycle checkpoint abrogation overcomes resistance to p14(ARF) -induced cell death and promotes cell death via a caspase-3-dependent pathway. Cell death coincided with dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and was inhibitable by pan-caspase inhibitors and the caspase-3/7 inhibitor zDEVD-fmk. Of note, mitochondrial events of apoptosis execution depended entirely on caspase-3 proficiency indicating that caspase-3 either acts "up-stream" of the mitochondria in a "non-canonical" pathway or mediates a mitochondrial feedback loop to amplify the apoptotic caspase signal in p14(ARF) -induced stress signaling.

Keywords: apoptosis; caspase-3; mitochondria; p14ARF.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / genetics*
  • Breast Neoplasms
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism*
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Mitochondria / genetics
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / genetics*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / metabolism

Substances

  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF
  • Caspase 3