Nicotine-substitute gum-induced milk alkali syndrome: a look at unexpected sources of calcium

Endocr Pract. 2013 Nov-Dec;19(6):142-4. doi: 10.4158/EP13080.CR.

Abstract

Objective: This report describes a 64-year-old woman with recurrent hypercalcemia. Her laboratory evaluation was consistent with milk-alkali syndrome. It was eventually discovered that the source of the excessive calcium consumption was nicotine-replacement chewing gum and carbonated water.

Methods: An extensive literature search was performed to see if milk-alkali syndrome due to nicotine-replacement gum and carbonated water has been previously reported.

Results: No prior report describing the association of milk alkali syndrome with nicotine-replacement gum and carbonated water was found.

Conclusion: We present a unique case of milk-alkali syndrome due to nicotine-replacement gum and carbonated water. It serves as a lesson to evaluate other sources besides calcium supplements as the cause of excessive calcium intake.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Cutaneous
  • Calcium / blood
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Carbonated Water
  • Chewing Gum
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypercalcemia / etiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Nicotine / administration & dosage
  • Nicotine / adverse effects*
  • Nicotine / therapeutic use
  • Nicotinic Agonists / administration & dosage
  • Nicotinic Agonists / adverse effects*
  • Nicotinic Agonists / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Carbonated Water
  • Chewing Gum
  • Nicotinic Agonists
  • Nicotine
  • Calcium