Life-threatening diphenhydramine toxicity presenting with seizures and a wide complex tachycardia improved with intravenous fat emulsion

Am J Ther. 2014 Nov-Dec;21(6):542-4. doi: 10.1097/MJT.0b013e318281191b.

Abstract

Diphenhydramine toxicity manifests with signs of anticholinergic toxicity; therapy is generally supportive. In rare cases, patients can also present with a wide complex tachycardia due to sodium channel blockade. Treatment involves sodium bicarbonate. Lidocaine and hypertonic saline are used for arrhythmias refractory to sodium bicarbonate. Although intravenous fat emulsion (IFE) therapy is proposed as an adjunctive therapy due to the lipophilicity of diphenhydramine (octanol/water partition coefficient of 3.3), successful use of IFE after a confirmed sole ingestion of diphenhydramine is not previously reported. We present the case of a 30-year-old woman presenting with seizures, a wide complex tachycardia, and cardiovascular collapse after an ingestion of diphenhydramine refractory to other therapies with rapid improvement after IFE administration.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Diphenhydramine / poisoning*
  • Drug Overdose
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Seizures / chemically induced*
  • Seizures / therapy
  • Tachycardia / chemically induced*
  • Tachycardia / therapy

Substances

  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
  • Diphenhydramine