Reduced fatalism and increased prevention behavior after two high-profile lung cancer events

J Health Commun. 2014;19(5):577-92. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2013.821553. Epub 2013 Nov 25.

Abstract

The positive impact of media coverage of high-profile cancer events on cancer prevention behaviors is well-established. However, less work has focused on potential adverse psychological reactions to such events, such as fatalism. Conducting 3 studies, the authors explored how the lung cancer death of Peter Jennings and diagnosis of Dana Reeve in 2005 related to fatalism. Analysis of a national media sample in Study 1 found that media coverage of these events often focused on reiterating the typical profile of those diagnosed with lung cancer; 38% of the media mentioned at least 1 known risk factor for lung cancer, most often smoking. Data from a nationally representative survey in Study 2 found that respondents reported lower lung cancer fatalism, after, compared with before, the events (OR = 0.16, 95% CI [0.03, 0.93]). A sustained increase in call volume to the national tobacco Quitline after these events was found in Study 3. These results suggest that there is a temporal association between high-profile cancer events, the subsequent media coverage, psychological outcomes, and cancer prevention behaviors. These results suggest that high-profile cancer events could be leveraged as an opportunity for large-scale public heath communication campaigns through the dissemination of cancer prevention messages and services.

MeSH terms

  • Attitude to Health*
  • Famous Persons*
  • Health Behavior*
  • Hotlines / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / prevention & control
  • Lung Neoplasms / psychology*
  • Mass Media / statistics & numerical data*
  • Risk Factors
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking Prevention
  • Time Factors