Ethyl carbamate levels in wine and spirits from markets in Hebei Province, China

Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2011;4(1):1-5. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2011.557783.

Abstract

Ethyl carbamate (EC) in wine, grain spirits and wine sauce (145 samples) was analysed using solid-phase extraction and stable isotope dilution GC/MS. Samples were obtained from markets in eight areas (Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Handan, Qinhuangdao, Langfang, Zhangjiakou, Xingtai and Cangzhou) of Hebei Province, China. The method had a limit of detection of 2 µg kg⁻¹, with recoveries varying from 95.7 to 102% and RSD ranging 2.3-5.6%. The average concentrations of ethyl carbamate in wines, grain spirits and wine sauce were 14.7 (<2.0-44.5) µg kg⁻¹, 33.8 (2.9-129) µg kg⁻¹ and 8.7 (<2.0-63.3) µg kg⁻¹, respectively. The results led to the development of limit standards that can be used to predict the concentration of ethyl carbamate in Chinese fermented wines.

Keywords: alcoholic beverages; ethyl carbamate; process contaminants.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Alcoholic Beverages / analysis*
  • Alcoholic Beverages / economics
  • Alcoholic Beverages / microbiology
  • Alcoholic Beverages / standards
  • Carcinogens / analysis*
  • China
  • Condiments / analysis*
  • Condiments / economics
  • Condiments / microbiology
  • Condiments / standards
  • Diet / ethnology
  • Edible Grain / chemistry
  • Fermentation
  • Food Contamination*
  • Food Inspection
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Guidelines as Topic
  • Health Policy
  • Health Promotion
  • Humans
  • Limit of Detection
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Solid Phase Extraction
  • Urethane / analysis*
  • Wine / analysis*
  • Wine / economics
  • Wine / microbiology
  • Wine / standards

Substances

  • Carcinogens
  • Urethane