From PET/CT to PET/MRI: advances in instrumentation and clinical applications

Mol Pharm. 2014 Nov 3;11(11):3798-809. doi: 10.1021/mp500321h. Epub 2014 Aug 14.

Abstract

Multimodality imaging of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) provides both metabolic information and the anatomic structure, which is significantly superior to either PET or CT alone and has greatly improved its clinical applications. Because of the higher soft-tissue contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and no extra ionizing radiation, PET/MRI imaging is the hottest topic currently. PET/MRI is swiftly making its way into clinical practice. However, it has many technical difficulties to overcome, such as photomultiplier tubes, which cannot work properly in a magnetic field, and the inability to provide density information on the object for attenuation correction. This paper introduces the technique process of PET/MRI and summarizes its clinical applications, including imaging in oncology, neurology, and cardiology.

Keywords: attenuation correction; cardiology; neurologic disease; oncology; positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT); positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI); silicon photomultiplier (SiPM); time-of-flight (TOF).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Equipment Design
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Fields
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Medical Oncology / methods
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods
  • Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Positron-Emission Tomography / methods*
  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*