[Differences in the management of epileptic seizures between the elderly and younger adults treated in an emergency department]

Rev Neurol. 2014 Sep 16;59(6):241-8.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Aim: To study the differences in the management and short-term outcomes of adult patients treated in an emergency service for epileptic seizures, depending on whether they are elderly or not.

Patients and methods: This observational retrospective cohort study included all the patients over 15 years of age who were treated for epileptic seizures in the hospital emergency department of a tertiary and university hospital between 1 September and 31 December 2011. The variables collected were acute treatment and follow-up at 30 days after the index event in the emergency department.

Results: Altogether the sample included 114 patients with a mean age of 46.4 years (interquartile range: 32.6-74.3 years), of whom 34 (29.8%) were aged 65 years or over. The group of elderly persons presented a first epileptic episode (p = 0.001), with unknown precipitating factor (p = 0.02), structural causation (p < 0.001), a computerised tomography scan carried out in the emergency department (p < 0.001), establishment of preventive antiepileptic drug regime in the emergency department (p = 0.001) and a prolonged hospital stay (p = 0.002) more frequently than the younger adults. Following a multivariable analysis, being elderly was an independent factor associated to a greater need for specific complementary tests (odds ratio = 3.7; 95% confidence interval = 1.3-10.3) and pharmacological intervention in the emergency department (odds ratio = 3.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.4-8.1). There were no statistically significant differences in the results between the two groups at 30 days in terms of return visits (p = 0.316) and mortality (p = 0.087).

Conclusions: The treatment of epileptic seizures in the elderly in the emergency department is complex, if compared with younger adults, thereby making it necessary to use a greater amount of hospital resources.

Title: Diferencias en el manejo de las crisis epilepticas entre los ancianos y los adultos mas jovenes atendidos en un servicio de urgencias.

Objetivo. Estudiar las diferencias en el manejo y los resultados a corto plazo de los pacientes adultos atendidos en un servicio de urgencias por una crisis epileptica en funcion de ser anciano. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio observacional de cohorte retrospectivo que selecciono a todos los pacientes de 15 años o mas atendidos por una crisis epileptica en un servicio de urgencias de un hospital terciario y universitario desde el 1 de septiembre al 31 de diciembre de 2011. Se recogieron las variables de la atencion aguda y de seguimiento a los 30 dias del episodio indice de urgencias. Resultados. Se incluyeron 114 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 46,4 años (rango intercuartilico: 32,6-74,3 años), de los cuales 34 (29,8%) tenian 65 años o mas. El grupo de los mayores presento mas frecuentemente un primer episodio epileptico (p = 0,001), desencadenante desconocido (p = 0,02), etiologia estructural (p < 0,001), realizacion de tomografia computarizada en urgencias (p < 0,001), inicio de farmaco antiepileptico preventivo en urgencias (p = 0,001) y estancia prolongada (p = 0,002) que los adultos mas jovenes. Tras un analisis multivariable, el ser anciano fue un factor independiente asociado a un mayor requerimiento de pruebas complementarias especificas (Odds ratio = 3,7; intervalo de confianza al 95% = 1,3-10,3) e intervencion farmacologica en urgencias (odds ratio = 3,3; intervalo de confianza al 95% = 1,4-8,1). No hubo diferencias estadisticamente significativas en los resultados a 30 dias entre ambos grupos en terminos de revisita (p = 0,316) y mortalidad (p = 0,087). Conclusiones. La atencion de las crisis epilepticas del anciano en urgencias, en comparacion con adultos mas jovenes, es mas compleja, siendo necesario un mayor consumo de recursos hospitalarios.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use
  • Brain Diseases / complications
  • Brain Diseases / diagnosis
  • Brain Diseases / epidemiology
  • Brain Injuries / complications
  • Brain Injuries / epidemiology
  • Comorbidity
  • Disease Management*
  • Drug Utilization
  • Emergencies*
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data*
  • Epilepsy / blood
  • Epilepsy / diagnosis
  • Epilepsy / drug therapy*
  • Epilepsy / etiology
  • Female
  • Health Resources / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Services Needs and Demand
  • Hospitals, Urban / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuroimaging / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Admission / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Discharge / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants