Phase I dose-escalation studies of SNX-5422, an orally bioavailable heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, in patients with refractory solid tumours

Eur J Cancer. 2014 Nov;50(17):2897-904. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.07.017. Epub 2014 Sep 25.

Abstract

Background: Orally administered SNX-5422, a novel, selective prodrug of the Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor SNX-2112, was investigated in two sequential phase I studies to determine the safety, maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) and pharmacokinetic profile of SNX-5422.

Methods: Using a dose-escalation design, 3-6 adults with advanced solid tumours received SNX-5422 every-other-day (QOD) or once-daily (QD) 3weeks on/1week off or QD continuously, with disease assessments every 8 weeks. Single-dose and steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of SNX-2112 were determined.

Results: In total, 56 patients were enrolled: QOD 3 weeks on/1 week off, n=36; QD 3weeks on/1 week off, n=17; QD continuous, n=3. Doses ranged from 4 to 133mg/m(2) QOD and 50 to 89 mg/m(2) QD. The MTDs were defined as 100mg/m(2) QOD and 67 mg/m(2) QD, respectively, with diarrhoea being dose-limiting on both 3 weeks on/1 week off schedules. Overall, treatment-related adverse events were mainly low grade, including diarrhoea (64%), nausea (39%), fatigue (28%), and vomiting (28%). Reversible grade 1-3 nyctalopia (night blindness) was reported by four patients (dose: 50-89mg/m(2) QD; 100mg/m(2) QOD). Exposure was generally linear, though greater than dose-proportional. Of 32 evaluable patients on QOD dosing, there was one durable complete response (prostate cancer), one confirmed (HER2+breast cancer) and one unconfirmed partial response (adrenal gland cancer). Three patients (QOD schedule) had stable disease for ⩾ 6 months.

Conclusions: The dose and schedule recommended for further study with SNX-5422 is 100mg/m(2) QOD 3 weeks on/1 week off based on improved tolerability and preliminary evidence of clinical activity.

Keywords: Heat shock protein 90 inhibitor; Phase I; SNX-2112; SNX-5422; Solid tumours.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anemia / chemically induced
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Benzamides / administration & dosage
  • Benzamides / adverse effects
  • Benzamides / pharmacokinetics
  • Biological Availability
  • Diarrhea / chemically induced
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects
  • Female
  • Glycine
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / pharmacokinetics
  • Humans
  • Indazoles / administration & dosage
  • Indazoles / adverse effects
  • Indazoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Male
  • Maximum Tolerated Dose
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Prodrugs
  • Vision Disorders / chemically induced

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Benzamides
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
  • Indazoles
  • Prodrugs
  • SNX 2112
  • SNX-5422
  • Glycine