HIV infection of monocytes-derived dendritic cells inhibits Vγ9Vδ2 T cells functions

PLoS One. 2014 Oct 23;9(10):e111095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111095. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

DCs act as sentinel cells against incoming pathogens and represent the most potent antigen presenting cells, having the unique capability to prime naïve T cells. In addition to their role in induction of adaptive immune responses, DC are also able to activate innate cells as γδ T cells; in particular, a reciprocal crosstalk between DC and γδ T cells was demonstrated. However, whether HIV infection may alter DC-Vγ9Vδ2 T cells cross-talk was not yet described. To clarify this issue, we cultured activated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with HIV infected monocyte derived DC (MoDC). After 5 days we evaluated MoDC phenotype, and Vγ9Vδ2 T cells activation and proliferation. In our model, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells were not able to proliferate in response to HIV-infected MoDC, although an up-regulation of CD69 was observed. Upon phosphoantigens stimulation, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells proliferation and cytokine production were inhibited when cultured with HIV-infected MoDC in a cell-contact dependent way. Moreover, HIV-infected MoDC are not able to up-regulate CD86 molecules when cultured with activated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, compared with uninfected MoDC. Further, activated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are not able to induce HLA DR up-regulation and CCR5 down-regulation on HIV-infected MoDC. These data indicate that HIV-infected DC alter the capacity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to respond to their antigens, pointing out a new mechanisms of induction of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells anergy carried out by HIV, that could contribute to immune evasion.

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / metabolism
  • B7-2 Antigen / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Dendritic Cells / cytology*
  • Dendritic Cells / virology
  • HIV Infections / blood*
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • HIV-1
  • Humans
  • Immune System
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Lectins, C-Type / metabolism
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Monocytes / cytology*
  • Phenotype
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
  • B7-2 Antigen
  • CD69 antigen
  • Cytokines
  • Lectins, C-Type
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta

Grants and funding

The authors have no support or funding to report.