Does ocriplasmin affect the RPE-photoreceptor adhesion in macular holes?

Br J Ophthalmol. 2015 May;99(5):635-8. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305620. Epub 2014 Nov 17.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the anatomical outcome of patients after vitrectomy due to persisting symptomatic vitreomacular traction (VMT), including full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) of less than 400 µm, after ocriplasmin treatment.

Methods: Retrospective, single centre, consecutive interventional case series. Patients were treated with a single intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin (Jetrea, Thrombogenics Inc, USA, Alcon/Novartis EU).

Main outcome measures: resolution of VMT, closure of FTMH and anatomical outcome of vitrectomy after unsuccessful treatment with ocriplasmin.

Results: Five patients were treated with ocriplasmin injection. VMT persisted in all but one case. Four patients underwent pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) for treatment of persistent VMT and FTMH (n=2, size of macular hole <400 µm) in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). FTMHs were closed in both cases within the first week postoperatively. After PPV, in three eyes newly developed subretinal fluid was detected, which persisted up to several months postoperatively.

Conclusions: Data on ocriplasmin remain controversial. We report on four cases with resolution of VMT following PPV after unsuccessful ocriplasmin treatment. Newly developed subretinal fluid has been described after ocriplasmin treatment, predominantly in cases with resolution of VMT. We also detected this newly developed subretinal fluid after vitrectomy, which persisted for several weeks up to 7 months in two cases with FTMHs. This may be attributable to loosening of the photoreceptor complex due to enzyme activity of ocriplasmin. Long-term effects of ocriplasmin are still to be evaluated using SD-OCT.

Keywords: Macula; Retina; Vitreous.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Basement Membrane / surgery
  • Endotamponade
  • Female
  • Fibrinolysin / therapeutic use*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Intravitreal Injections
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peptide Fragments / therapeutic use*
  • Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / metabolism*
  • Retinal Perforations / drug therapy*
  • Retinal Perforations / metabolism
  • Retinal Perforations / surgery
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium / metabolism*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Subretinal Fluid
  • Tissue Adhesions / drug therapy
  • Tissue Adhesions / metabolism
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Visual Acuity
  • Vitrectomy
  • Vitreous Detachment / etiology

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Peptide Fragments
  • microplasmin
  • Fibrinolysin