Involvement of mortalin/GRP75/mthsp70 in the mitochondrial impairments induced by A53T mutant α-synuclein

Brain Res. 2015 Apr 16:1604:52-61. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.050. Epub 2015 Feb 7.

Abstract

Mutations and excessive accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) can lead to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, indicating a pivotal role of α-syn in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although how α-syn contributes to PD is still elusive, mitochondrial impairments have been reported to be implicated in. Mortalin, a molecular chaperone mainly located in mitochondria, has been linked to the pathogenesis of PD in recent studies. Moreover, some proteomics studies indicate that mortalin is associated with PD-related proteins, including α-syn. Therefore it is of interest to understand the function of mortalin in the mitochondrial disruption induced by A53T α-syn overexpression. The present study modulated the expression of mortalin and detected the effect of mortalin on the mitochondrial impairments induced by A53T α-syn in SH-SY5Y cells. Our data revealed that A53T α-syn could disrupt mitochondrial dynamics and increase the neuronal susceptibility to neurotoxin rotenone. The expression of mortalin decreased significantly in dopaminergic cells overexpressing A53T α-syn; furthermore, the down-regulation of mortalin could attenuate the disrupted mitochondrial dynamics by reducing α-syn translocation to mitochondria, suggesting that a compensatory mechanism of mortalin might be implicated in the pathogenesis of PD.

Keywords: A53T mutant α-synuclein; Mitochondrial dynamics; Mitochondrial translocation of α-synuclein; Mortalin; Parkinson׳s disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / genetics
  • Humans
  • Mitochondria / genetics
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Mitochondrial Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Mitochondrial Proteins / genetics
  • Mutation*
  • Parkinson Disease / genetics
  • Parkinson Disease / metabolism
  • Protein Transport
  • alpha-Synuclein / genetics*
  • alpha-Synuclein / metabolism

Substances

  • HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins
  • HSPA9 protein, human
  • Mitochondrial Proteins
  • alpha-Synuclein